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????美國(guó)科技博客VentureBeat最近撰文探討：“青少年能否成為優(yōu)秀創(chuàng)業(yè)者？”

????作為一個(gè)青少年的母親,，我對(duì)該問(wèn)題的第一反應(yīng)是,，“對(duì)，沒(méi)錯(cuò),，學(xué)會(huì)收拾桌子和整理房間之后,，他們完全可以成為優(yōu)秀的創(chuàng)業(yè)者，不過(guò)整天迷戀最新的《暮光之城》電影（Twilight）可不成,?！?/p>

????誰(shuí)知道呢？事實(shí)證明,，有些孩子確實(shí)從舒適的沙發(fā)里站起身來(lái),，開始進(jìn)行創(chuàng)業(yè)，希望成為下一個(gè)史蒂夫?喬布斯,。

????VentureBeat上那篇文章講述了一個(gè)由科技青訓(xùn)營(yíng)（Teens in Tech）組織的創(chuàng)業(yè)孵化平臺(tái),，通過(guò)為期八周的暑期項(xiàng)目，幫助六組年輕的創(chuàng)業(yè)者在夏季推出六種產(chǎn)品,。各團(tuán)隊(duì)需拿出自己的點(diǎn)子,，然后獲得導(dǎo)師和所需資源，在指導(dǎo)下完成將理念轉(zhuǎn)化為產(chǎn)品的過(guò)程,。八周之后,，各團(tuán)隊(duì)在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家、科技界名流,、媒體工作者和其他社會(huì)人士面前展示自己的創(chuàng)業(yè)成果,。這些孩子不像同齡人那樣忙于考駕照或者勾搭畢業(yè)舞會(huì)的舞伴，而是在學(xué)習(xí)如何打造一家公司,。參與該項(xiàng)目之前還是為青春痘發(fā)愁的孩子,，離開時(shí)可能已與投資人簽下協(xié)議。

????該組織成立的前提是：創(chuàng)業(yè)精神可以很早就開始培養(yǎng)——這些富有創(chuàng)新精神的青少年需要的是教育和領(lǐng)導(dǎo),，以幫助他們締造充滿創(chuàng)意,、變革現(xiàn)狀的企業(yè),。科技青訓(xùn)營(yíng)為青少年創(chuàng)業(yè)者提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的導(dǎo)師,、工作地點(diǎn)和引導(dǎo),，作為回報(bào)，其孵化,、促成的公司“長(zhǎng)大成人”后,，該組織可獲得部分股權(quán)。

????這很大程度是硅谷獨(dú)有的現(xiàn)象,，年少得志者在這里隨處可見(jiàn),。若你年滿40還在硅谷工作，那簡(jiǎn)直就是以長(zhǎng)壽著稱的彭祖,。如果你走在街頭,，風(fēng)投扶持的年輕人正意氣風(fēng)發(fā)地踩著滑板去上班,，他們或許會(huì)停下來(lái)攙扶過(guò)馬路,。實(shí)際上年齡問(wèn)題很有趣，因?yàn)轱L(fēng)投行業(yè)里對(duì)年齡和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的價(jià)值始終存在巨大的爭(zhēng)議,。一方面,，年輕被視為等同于發(fā)現(xiàn)炫酷新事物并真正領(lǐng)會(huì)新趨勢(shì)和潮流的能力，更不用說(shuō)年輕人對(duì)科技的反應(yīng)更加靈敏,。這還用說(shuō)嗎,？如果你家電腦出毛病了，你是問(wèn)兒子還是退休的老父親,？

????另一方面,，專業(yè)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資者在衡量企業(yè)CEO是否稱職時(shí)，非常重視他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和資質(zhì),。如果某公司的多數(shù)員工都太年輕,，早上起床完全不覺(jué)得腰酸背痛，那我們甚至要考慮在該公司設(shè)置“成人監(jiān)督者”,。

????科技青訓(xùn)營(yíng)完全回避了這個(gè)問(wèn)題,，聲稱他們注重的不是打造公司，而是培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè)家,。其基本理念是,，這種創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)就像是生意場(chǎng)上的青春期。與一般人青春期經(jīng)歷的變聲和發(fā)育同理,，他們經(jīng)歷的是市場(chǎng),、包裝、制造,、定價(jià),、銷售,、管理和其他相關(guān)事宜方面的學(xué)習(xí)，從而完成從追夢(mèng)少年到成熟創(chuàng)業(yè)者的轉(zhuǎn)變,。不過(guò),，我擔(dān)心這些青少年與他們的成年人導(dǎo)師合作時(shí)，會(huì)不會(huì)很不耐煩,，心想：“天哪,，他說(shuō)的這些東西我早就懂了?！?/p>

????科技青訓(xùn)營(yíng)孵化項(xiàng)目首批贊助的那六家公司中,，好幾個(gè)是典型青少年思維模式的產(chǎn)物。其中之一專注于實(shí)時(shí)了解你的朋友中哪位現(xiàn)在有空出去閑逛（這是對(duì)“我太無(wú)聊了”這個(gè)棘手問(wèn)題的高科技解答）,；另一個(gè)的設(shè)計(jì)目的是幫助高中生分享課堂筆記（過(guò)去這可是被當(dāng)作抄襲的?。贿€有一項(xiàng)是給iPhone開發(fā)僵尸題材游戲,。不過(guò),，剩下的幾項(xiàng)看起來(lái)能吸引更廣泛的用戶，分別專注于云計(jì)算,、個(gè)人財(cái)務(wù)管理和工作場(chǎng)合的分享,。

????令我驚訝的是，這些創(chuàng)業(yè)者中竟然沒(méi)人開發(fā)一款對(duì)青少年著裝風(fēng)格進(jìn)行快速分類的應(yīng)用,，有了這種應(yīng)用,，父母?jìng)兙涂梢匝杆俜智甯缣亍⑶榫w,、硬核和嬉皮,，而不用尷尬地開口詢問(wèn)?；蛟S更有前途的創(chuàng)意是把青少年那難以壓制的性沖動(dòng)拿來(lái)發(fā)電,，既清潔環(huán)保，又能獲得幾萬(wàn)億美元收入,。

????VentureBeat那篇文章指出了幾個(gè)有趣的現(xiàn)象,，其中之一是：青少年創(chuàng)業(yè)者們急切地希望與其合作的成人導(dǎo)師把他們當(dāng)做大人看待，但一旦項(xiàng)目失敗又不希望真正受到責(zé)罰,。文章援引一位青少年參與者的話說(shuō)：“現(xiàn)在是試驗(yàn)和學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間……因?yàn)槲也挥灭B(yǎng)家糊口,，也不會(huì)背負(fù)房貸，我可以作出高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)決定,，然后從慘痛教訓(xùn)中認(rèn)識(shí)到什么可行什么不可行,。”

????這恐怕談不上“慘痛教訓(xùn)”,，不過(guò)能在不招致真正嚴(yán)重后果的前提下,，承擔(dān)各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并獲得豐厚回報(bào),，確實(shí)有其優(yōu)勢(shì)。作為一個(gè)青少年,，跟父母的關(guān)系緊張恐怕天經(jīng)地義,，可只有在父母同意的基礎(chǔ)上，你才能參與這個(gè)活動(dòng),，并同意分享股權(quán),。

????科技青訓(xùn)營(yíng)專門幫助那些不僅有夢(mèng)想，而且擁有能使夢(mèng)想成真的點(diǎn)子的孩子門,，培養(yǎng)他們的創(chuàng)造力,，我覺(jué)得這樣一個(gè)組織的存在實(shí)在是件非常酷的事情,。偉大的創(chuàng)意可能隨時(shí)隨地涌現(xiàn),，使其最終獲得成功的最大障礙往往是：不知道下一步該干什么。讓經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的企業(yè)家早早參與到成長(zhǎng)中的創(chuàng)業(yè)者的培養(yǎng)中去,，將使這些后起之秀有更大的成功希望,，同時(shí)也幫助美國(guó)維持在世界科技領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)袖地位。將年輕和激情與經(jīng)驗(yàn)和老道摻在在一起,，可以調(diào)合出一道非常神奇的雞尾酒,。

????我對(duì)科技青訓(xùn)營(yíng)活動(dòng)唯一一點(diǎn)不滿在于：評(píng)選委員會(huì)中沒(méi)有一位女性成員,，參與該活動(dòng)的61位導(dǎo)師中也只有5位女性。當(dāng)今的創(chuàng)業(yè)與風(fēng)投世界仍未擺脫“女性不得入內(nèi)”式的偏見(jiàn),，而這些“下一代”創(chuàng)業(yè)家甫一踏入創(chuàng)業(yè)圈,，就浸淫于同樣的偏見(jiàn)之中，實(shí)在令人扼腕,。我希望追隨我的腳步進(jìn)入這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的人會(huì)更加開明,，更愿意改變科技界和風(fēng)投界男性主導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)有格局。顯然科技青訓(xùn)營(yíng)尚未著手解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題,，因此,，希望他們能把我這篇文章當(dāng)成一種敦促。此外,，考慮到青少年投入大量時(shí)間精力,，以求與異性共處，引入更多女性導(dǎo)師的裨益是不言而喻的,。

????本文作者麗莎?蘇南是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資公司Psilos Group的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人兼管理層成員,，該公司專注于醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域，管理的資金超過(guò)5.77億美元,。

????譯者：小宇

????VentureBeat recently asked: "Do teens make good founders?"

????As the parent of a teenager, my immediate thought was, "Yeah, sure, right after they clean up their rooms and set the table, they can be totally awesome founders, as long as they can tear themselves away from the latest installment of the Twilight series."

????What do I know? As it turns out, some kids actually do get off the couch and take action to be the next Steve Jobs.

????The VentureBeat post was about an entrepreneurial incubator put together by Teens in Tech, an 8-week summer program that helped six teams of young entrepreneurs launch six products over the course of a summer. Teams came with ideas, got paired up with mentors and resources, and were guided through the process of bringing their ideas to life. At the end of the 8 weeks, the teams presented their startups to a group of venture capitalists, tech influencers, media members and others. Instead of getting their driver's licenses and hooking up with their prom dates, these kids are getting a lesson in how to build a business. Come with your Clearasil, leave with a term sheet.

????The organization was founded on the premise that entrepreneurship can be nurtured from a very early age—all these innovateens need is education and leadership to help them create innovative and disruptive businesses. It provides access to seasoned mentors, a place to work and a guiding hand. In exchange, Teens In Tech gets equity in the companies that they help nurture through adolescence.

????This is very much a Silicon Valley phenomenon, where wunderkinds are everywhere. By the time you're 40 in Silicon Valley you are like Methuselah, hanging on for eternity and likely to get offered assistance crossing the street from venture-backed phenoms riding their skateboards to work. It's funny, actually, because there is a huge tension in venture capital about the value of age and experience. On the one hand, youth is equated with the ability to identify the cool new thing and be truly in-touch with what's up and coming, not to mention facile with technology. I mean seriously, whom do you ask when you can't figure out your computer at home?

????On the other hand professional venture capitalists place a huge emphasis on the experiential qualifications of a company's leader when evaluating CEOs; we even talk about it in terms of ensuring there is "adult supervision" at companies when the preponderance of workers are so young they are still able to get out of bed in the morning without groaning about their backs.

????Teens in Tech skirts this whole issue by saying that they aren't really focused on building companies, but on building entrepreneurs. The basic idea is that this experience is like business puberty. Instead of voice changes and training bras, they get lessons in market savvy, packaging, manufacturing, pricing, selling, managing and all of the other stuff you need to know to matriculate from a kid with a dream to an entrepreneur. I wonder if it's hard for the teenagers to work with their adult mentors without rolling their eyes and thinking, "Oh my god, I totally know that stuff already."

????Many of the six companies that went through the inaugural Teens In Tech Incubator program are definitely products of the teen mind. One is focused on knowing in real-time which of your friends is available right now to hang out (the technology answer to "I am so bored"); another is designed to let high school students share school notes (hey, back in the day that was considered cheating!); another is a Zombie game for iPhones. But some of the others sound like they would have pretty broad appeal, focusing on cloud computing, budgeting and workplace sharing.

????I am surprised that none of the entrepreneurs developed an app for classifying teens on sight so parents can rapidly tell the difference between goth, emo, scene and hipster without having to ask. Even better, there has got to be a mega-billion dollar potential for a product that turns pent-up teen sexual tension into green energy.

????One of the interesting points raised by VentureBeat was how badly the teen entrepreneurs want to be taken seriously by the adult mentors with whom they work, but also how they don't want real repercussions if they fail. One of the teen participants is quoted as saying, "This is a time to experiment and learn... Since I don't have a mortgage to pay or food to buy, I can make risky decisions and figure out the hard way what works and what doesn't."

????That's not exactly "the hard way," but there certainly is an advantage to be able to take all the risk and all the reward with none of the serious consequences. As a teenager, you may be legally required to hate your parents, but they are the ones that had to co-sign to get you into this program and agree to share your equity.

????I think it is really cool that there is an organization like this to help nurture the creative spark in kids who have not just a dream, but an idea for how to make it real. Great ideas can come from anywhere; often the biggest barrier to getting it over the goal line is knowing what to do next. By using experienced entrepreneurs to mentor budding ones early in life, the newbies can have even more shots on goal and help the U.S. maintain its position as the world's technology leader. The combination of youth and enthusiasm with experience and seasoning can be a very powerful cocktail.

????My one complaint about the Teens In Tech program, however, is that none of the selection committee members were women and only 5 of the 61 mentors focused on the program are female. It's unfortunate that the "next generation" of entrepreneurs is being sent out into the world laden with the same female-free bias that is present in the entrepreneurial and venture capital worlds today. I'd like to think that those who will follow me in this field will be more enlightened and less likely to perpetuate the male-dominated reality of our current technology and venture capital landscape. Apparently the Teens In Tech haven't quite tackled that issue yet, so hopefully they will consider this article a challenge to do so. Considering how much time teenagers spend desperately seeking the company of the opposite sex, this one seems like a no-brainer opportunity.

????Lisa Suennen is a co-founder and Managing Member of Psilos Group, a healthcare-focused venture capital firm with over $577 million under management.