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設(shè)計(jì)的力量:一家傳統(tǒng)制造商的涅槃重生之路

對(duì)于一家鼠標(biāo)和鍵盤制造商來說,,將其重新打造為“一家設(shè)計(jì)公司”似乎是一個(gè)艱巨的任務(wù),。

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羅技公司(Logitech)的首席執(zhí)行官布拉肯·達(dá)雷爾在其開放式辦公桌旁邊的會(huì)議室墻上,,保存著一份傳奇設(shè)計(jì)師迪特爾·拉姆斯撰寫的“好設(shè)計(jì)的十大原則”(Ten Principles for Good Design)。這位德國(guó)工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)師是當(dāng)代許多頂級(jí)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)師的導(dǎo)師,,其中就包括蘋果公司(Apple)的喬尼·艾夫斯,。達(dá)雷爾也信奉設(shè)計(jì)的力量。自2013年出任首席執(zhí)行官以來,,他正是依靠著這一理念,,引領(lǐng)這家陷入困境的公司華麗轉(zhuǎn)型。

達(dá)雷爾是2012年以總裁身份加入羅技的,。彼時(shí)的羅技仍然是一家以生產(chǎn)中性色的廉價(jià)鼠標(biāo)和笨重,、易被遺忘的鍵盤著稱的傳統(tǒng)制造商。這家瑞士公司創(chuàng)造了許多適合各種價(jià)位的產(chǎn)品,,而且經(jīng)常在沒有進(jìn)行重大市場(chǎng)測(cè)試的情況下發(fā)布新品,。往好里說,這些產(chǎn)品缺乏靈感,往壞里說就是丑陋無比,。

受蘋果的成功案例,,以及他自己此前執(zhí)掌寶潔公司(Procter & Gamble)的家電品牌博朗(Braun)的啟發(fā),達(dá)雷爾決定將羅技重新打造為“一家設(shè)計(jì)公司”,。對(duì)于一家鼠標(biāo)和鍵盤制造商來說,,這似乎是一個(gè)艱巨的任務(wù)。他知道,,唯有與一位設(shè)計(jì)達(dá)人并肩合作,,他才能將羅技無可挑剔的產(chǎn)品工程學(xué)和制造工藝與令人大開眼界的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合在一起。達(dá)雷爾相信,,這種融合將推動(dòng)羅技涅槃重生,,讓它真正成為一家讓客戶,、投資者和自家員工倍感振奮的公司,。

否則就會(huì)墜入一個(gè)無比黑暗的未來,。早在達(dá)雷爾加入之前,,羅技的銷售就陷于停頓,。個(gè)人電腦的外圍設(shè)備市場(chǎng)不再增長(zhǎng),,因?yàn)橹悄苁謾C(jī)和筆記本電腦用戶對(duì)這些東西沒有需求了,。

圖片來源:Courtesy of Berrett-Koehler Publishers

設(shè)計(jì)原則和目的

為了實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)型,,達(dá)雷爾分配了與其愿景相配的資源,。他從公司每年2億美元的鼠標(biāo)和鍵盤研發(fā)預(yù)算中拿出三分之二,,用來押注增長(zhǎng)更快的領(lǐng)域。他招募了一位非常受人尊敬的設(shè)計(jì)師,。此君就是曾經(jīng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)諾基亞(Nokia)的設(shè)計(jì)部門的阿拉斯泰爾·柯蒂斯,。這支團(tuán)隊(duì)隨后吸引了來自耐克(Nike)、IDEO和其他頭部公司的人才,,目前擁有100多名設(shè)計(jì)師,。

為了給這一轉(zhuǎn)變賦予靈魂,達(dá)雷爾和柯蒂斯創(chuàng)造了與迪特爾·拉姆斯相呼應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)原則,。羅技的設(shè)計(jì)原則簡(jiǎn)單而優(yōu)雅:

強(qiáng)有力的理念:目的明確,,并讓消費(fèi)者受益

靈魂:獨(dú)特的產(chǎn)品個(gè)性和體驗(yàn)

毫不費(fèi)力:不懈地創(chuàng)造無摩擦的使用體驗(yàn)

精雕細(xì)琢:簡(jiǎn)化、完美,、精簡(jiǎn)到極致

神奇:具有生命力和表現(xiàn)力的互動(dòng)

具體來說,,羅技不是僅僅為了滿足一個(gè)細(xì)分市場(chǎng)而創(chuàng)造產(chǎn)品,而是為了滿足一種需求而創(chuàng)造產(chǎn)品,,不僅要打造一種舒適,、無縫的使用體驗(yàn),還要讓用戶產(chǎn)生情感共鳴,。每款新產(chǎn)品都要貫徹執(zhí)行統(tǒng)一的理念,。這一硬性要求將迫使設(shè)計(jì)師,、營(yíng)銷人員和其他為羅技工作的人悉心核對(duì)他們正在設(shè)計(jì)的功能,或者正在策劃的營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)是否符合這套統(tǒng)一理念,。

例如,,羅技的Circle Home安全流媒體攝像機(jī)系統(tǒng)提供了一個(gè)視覺原則——這款設(shè)備是圓形的——以及一種直抵用戶心房的語言:這個(gè)圓形所包含的,是我們的家,、我們所愛的人,我們關(guān)心和想要注視的地方,。羅技的Spotlight演示指針旨在幫助聽眾關(guān)注演講者,。甚至對(duì)于一些源自羅技過去的產(chǎn)品,設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)也在努力添加一兩個(gè)開創(chuàng)性的功能,,以改善用戶的生活,。比如,羅技開始為鍵盤增添旋鈕,,以便人們用鍵盤滾動(dòng)菜單,,而不再使用不夠精確的鼠標(biāo)。

創(chuàng)新向來被視為數(shù)學(xué)家和科學(xué)家的專屬領(lǐng)地,,工程學(xué)經(jīng)常成為萬眾矚目的焦點(diǎn),。但史蒂夫·喬布斯給科技行業(yè)上的最重要一課,恰恰就是形式的重要性,。喬布斯在2000年接受《財(cái)富》雜志采訪時(shí)表示:“設(shè)計(jì)是人類創(chuàng)造的基本靈魂,,最終會(huì)在產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的外層上連續(xù)表現(xiàn)出來?!边_(dá)雷爾也證明了這一點(diǎn):工程學(xué)固然重要,,但一款技術(shù)產(chǎn)品賴以成功的,是它的獨(dú)特設(shè)計(jì),。

達(dá)雷爾幫助打破的一個(gè)重要神話,,涉及到那些能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)指數(shù)級(jí)創(chuàng)新的人的專業(yè)背景:他們不必是極客或書呆子。在這個(gè)問題上,,史蒂夫·喬布斯也持有特別強(qiáng)烈的看法,。“一個(gè)融入蘋果DNA的理念是,,僅有技術(shù)是不夠的——技術(shù)必須與人文藝術(shù)和人文學(xué)科完美結(jié)合,,才能產(chǎn)生讓人怦然心動(dòng)的效果。沒有什么可以比這些后PC時(shí)代的設(shè)備更加真實(shí)地體現(xiàn)出這一點(diǎn)了,?!眴滩妓乖?011年3月舉行的iPad 2發(fā)布會(huì)上如是說道。達(dá)雷爾本人早年在阿肯色州一所小型文理學(xué)院主修英語,,之后在哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard University)獲得MBA學(xué)位,。

《從增量式創(chuàng)新到指數(shù)級(jí)創(chuàng)新》(From Incremental to Exponential)的主要作者維韋克·瓦德瓦。圖片來源:Courtesy of Berrett-Koehler Publishers

締造偉大創(chuàng)新的文科生還有很多:YouTube的首席執(zhí)行官蘇珊·沃西基主修歷史和文學(xué);Slack的創(chuàng)始人斯圖爾特·巴特菲爾德學(xué)的是英語,;愛彼迎(Airbnb)的創(chuàng)始人布萊恩·切斯基是美術(shù)專業(yè)出身,。中國(guó)科技巨頭阿里巴巴的創(chuàng)始人馬云,也是一位學(xué)英語的師范生,。在技術(shù)融合呈指數(shù)級(jí)發(fā)展的新時(shí)代,,創(chuàng)造最具顛覆性的解決方案往往需要生物學(xué)、教育學(xué),、健康學(xué)和人類行為學(xué)等方面的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,。應(yīng)對(duì)當(dāng)今最大的社會(huì)和技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn),需要批判性地思考這些挑戰(zhàn)所處的人類環(huán)境,,而人文學(xué)科的畢業(yè)生恰好在這方面受過良好的專業(yè)訓(xùn)練,。

多元化和簡(jiǎn)化

當(dāng)達(dá)雷爾開始重塑羅技時(shí),Dollar Shave Club等數(shù)字原生品牌是市場(chǎng)上的酷兒,。他們已經(jīng)搞清楚了如何直接向客戶銷售,,如何繞過繁冗的傳統(tǒng)銷售流程——你必須得拓展分銷渠道,并在一家大型實(shí)體店獲得貨架空間,。他們尤其擅長(zhǎng)在亞馬遜(Amazon)等電商平臺(tái)上搞促銷活動(dòng),,仿佛天生就是干這個(gè)的,而傳統(tǒng)品牌往往疲于應(yīng)對(duì)這些營(yíng)銷攻勢(shì),。這些數(shù)字原生代經(jīng)常會(huì)創(chuàng)造一些市場(chǎng)熱點(diǎn),,最初讓千禧一代和X一代產(chǎn)生共鳴,隨后往往也會(huì)打動(dòng)其他年齡段的消費(fèi)群體,。他們還傾向于更加頻繁地更新產(chǎn)品,,并采取因產(chǎn)品而異的營(yíng)銷方式。

在達(dá)雷爾的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,,羅技加速推進(jìn)多品牌戰(zhàn)略,,不僅尋求更好地利用現(xiàn)有資產(chǎn),還收購了一些新資產(chǎn),。羅技UE(Ultimate Ears)迅速成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)備受歡迎的藍(lán)牙音箱品牌,屢屢斬獲音頻評(píng)論期刊和科技出版物頒發(fā)的權(quán)威獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),。2016年,羅技從澳大利亞企業(yè)家賈德·阿姆斯特朗的手中,,收購了快速增長(zhǎng)的無線耳機(jī)公司Jaybird,,成就了另一次關(guān)鍵的擴(kuò)展。Jaybird開創(chuàng)了一個(gè)高端無線音頻品牌,,在運(yùn)動(dòng)員和冒險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)專業(yè)人士中擁有極高的人氣,。羅技隨后又收購了兩個(gè)迅速擴(kuò)張的互補(bǔ)品牌:Blue(麥克風(fēng))和ASTRO Gaming(游戲耳機(jī)),。

在大公司的履職經(jīng)歷,讓達(dá)雷爾深諳這些公司在運(yùn)營(yíng)方面的利弊,。從積極的方面來看,,大型組織在成本方面保持自律,,并且重視銷售和營(yíng)銷環(huán)節(jié)的投資,。從消極的方面看,,這些大廠經(jīng)常浮現(xiàn)令人窒息的官僚主義,,行動(dòng)遲緩,,很容易扼殺企業(yè)家精神和創(chuàng)新。在羅技,,達(dá)雷爾堅(jiān)持讓團(tuán)隊(duì)保持小規(guī)模和獨(dú)立性,,注重維系這是一家小公司的感覺。他還將組織扁平化,,要求麾下20多名高級(jí)經(jīng)理直接向他匯報(bào)工作,。

與此同時(shí),,羅技的高管明確表示,,他們歡迎有可能大獲成功,,創(chuàng)造1000%回報(bào)率的“投機(jī)性業(yè)務(wù)”,。

注重“人際聯(lián)系”

達(dá)雷爾的另一個(gè)做法也對(duì)公司大有裨益,,那就是始終與廣大員工保持聯(lián)系,。在企業(yè)評(píng)論網(wǎng)站Glassdoor上,你可以看到許多評(píng)論都談到了他如何花時(shí)間與員工相處,,并傾聽他們的觀點(diǎn)。

所有這些并不意味著羅技的轉(zhuǎn)型之路是一帆風(fēng)順的,。其實(shí)也有失敗的產(chǎn)品。重新分配研發(fā)資金在公司內(nèi)部引發(fā)了一些憤怒和恐懼情緒。中層管理人員很難適應(yīng)新環(huán)境,。但貨真價(jià)實(shí)的數(shù)字證實(shí)了達(dá)雷爾的做法,。羅技的利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)了一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),;鍵盤和鼠標(biāo)對(duì)公司收入的貢獻(xiàn)現(xiàn)在不到三分之一,,而那些久負(fù)盛名的設(shè)計(jì)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)也已經(jīng)拿到手軟,。投資者同樣收獲滿滿。相較于達(dá)雷爾加入時(shí)的最低谷,,羅技的股價(jià)已經(jīng)上漲了十倍以上,。

在執(zhí)掌公司五年之后,達(dá)雷爾決定炒自己的魷魚,,然后評(píng)估一下他是否會(huì)重新聘用自己,。這聽起來像一個(gè)噱頭,但達(dá)雷爾確實(shí)在認(rèn)真考慮他是不是還適合這份工作,。經(jīng)過一番深思熟慮,,他最終判定自己還算是一個(gè)能夠接受的首席執(zhí)行官人選。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

本文節(jié)選自維韋克·瓦德瓦,、伊斯梅爾·阿姆拉和亞歷克斯·薩爾克弗合著的《從增量式創(chuàng)新到指數(shù)級(jí)創(chuàng)新》(From Incremental to Exponential)一書。版權(quán)所有?2021,。轉(zhuǎn)載經(jīng)Berrett-Koehler出版社許可。www.bkconnection.com,。

譯者:任文科

羅技公司(Logitech)的首席執(zhí)行官布拉肯·達(dá)雷爾在其開放式辦公桌旁邊的會(huì)議室墻上,,保存著一份傳奇設(shè)計(jì)師迪特爾·拉姆斯撰寫的“好設(shè)計(jì)的十大原則”(Ten Principles for Good Design),。這位德國(guó)工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)師是當(dāng)代許多頂級(jí)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)師的導(dǎo)師,其中就包括蘋果公司(Apple)的喬尼·艾夫斯。達(dá)雷爾也信奉設(shè)計(jì)的力量,。自2013年出任首席執(zhí)行官以來,,他正是依靠著這一理念,,引領(lǐng)這家陷入困境的公司華麗轉(zhuǎn)型,。

達(dá)雷爾是2012年以總裁身份加入羅技的。彼時(shí)的羅技仍然是一家以生產(chǎn)中性色的廉價(jià)鼠標(biāo)和笨重,、易被遺忘的鍵盤著稱的傳統(tǒng)制造商。這家瑞士公司創(chuàng)造了許多適合各種價(jià)位的產(chǎn)品,,而且經(jīng)常在沒有進(jìn)行重大市場(chǎng)測(cè)試的情況下發(fā)布新品,。往好里說,這些產(chǎn)品缺乏靈感,,往壞里說就是丑陋無比,。

受蘋果的成功案例,,以及他自己此前執(zhí)掌寶潔公司(Procter & Gamble)的家電品牌博朗(Braun)的啟發(fā),達(dá)雷爾決定將羅技重新打造為“一家設(shè)計(jì)公司”,。對(duì)于一家鼠標(biāo)和鍵盤制造商來說,這似乎是一個(gè)艱巨的任務(wù)。他知道,,唯有與一位設(shè)計(jì)達(dá)人并肩合作,他才能將羅技無可挑剔的產(chǎn)品工程學(xué)和制造工藝與令人大開眼界的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合在一起。達(dá)雷爾相信,,這種融合將推動(dòng)羅技涅槃重生,,讓它真正成為一家讓客戶,、投資者和自家員工倍感振奮的公司。

否則就會(huì)墜入一個(gè)無比黑暗的未來,。早在達(dá)雷爾加入之前,,羅技的銷售就陷于停頓,。個(gè)人電腦的外圍設(shè)備市場(chǎng)不再增長(zhǎng),,因?yàn)橹悄苁謾C(jī)和筆記本電腦用戶對(duì)這些東西沒有需求了。

設(shè)計(jì)原則和目的

為了實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)型,,達(dá)雷爾分配了與其愿景相配的資源,。他從公司每年2億美元的鼠標(biāo)和鍵盤研發(fā)預(yù)算中拿出三分之二,,用來押注增長(zhǎng)更快的領(lǐng)域。他招募了一位非常受人尊敬的設(shè)計(jì)師,。此君就是曾經(jīng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)諾基亞(Nokia)的設(shè)計(jì)部門的阿拉斯泰爾·柯蒂斯,。這支團(tuán)隊(duì)隨后吸引了來自耐克(Nike)、IDEO和其他頭部公司的人才,,目前擁有100多名設(shè)計(jì)師,。

為了給這一轉(zhuǎn)變賦予靈魂,達(dá)雷爾和柯蒂斯創(chuàng)造了與迪特爾·拉姆斯相呼應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)原則,。羅技的設(shè)計(jì)原則簡(jiǎn)單而優(yōu)雅:

強(qiáng)有力的理念:目的明確,,并讓消費(fèi)者受益

靈魂:獨(dú)特的產(chǎn)品個(gè)性和體驗(yàn)

毫不費(fèi)力:不懈地創(chuàng)造無摩擦的使用體驗(yàn)

精雕細(xì)琢:簡(jiǎn)化、完美,、精簡(jiǎn)到極致

神奇:具有生命力和表現(xiàn)力的互動(dòng)

具體來說,,羅技不是僅僅為了滿足一個(gè)細(xì)分市場(chǎng)而創(chuàng)造產(chǎn)品,,而是為了滿足一種需求而創(chuàng)造產(chǎn)品,,不僅要打造一種舒適、無縫的使用體驗(yàn),,還要讓用戶產(chǎn)生情感共鳴,。每款新產(chǎn)品都要貫徹執(zhí)行統(tǒng)一的理念,。這一硬性要求將迫使設(shè)計(jì)師、營(yíng)銷人員和其他為羅技工作的人悉心核對(duì)他們正在設(shè)計(jì)的功能,,或者正在策劃的營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)是否符合這套統(tǒng)一理念。

例如,,羅技的Circle Home安全流媒體攝像機(jī)系統(tǒng)提供了一個(gè)視覺原則——這款設(shè)備是圓形的——以及一種直抵用戶心房的語言:這個(gè)圓形所包含的,是我們的家,、我們所愛的人,,我們關(guān)心和想要注視的地方,。羅技的Spotlight演示指針旨在幫助聽眾關(guān)注演講者。甚至對(duì)于一些源自羅技過去的產(chǎn)品,,設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)也在努力添加一兩個(gè)開創(chuàng)性的功能,,以改善用戶的生活。比如,,羅技開始為鍵盤增添旋鈕,,以便人們用鍵盤滾動(dòng)菜單,而不再使用不夠精確的鼠標(biāo),。

創(chuàng)新向來被視為數(shù)學(xué)家和科學(xué)家的專屬領(lǐng)地,工程學(xué)經(jīng)常成為萬眾矚目的焦點(diǎn),。但史蒂夫·喬布斯給科技行業(yè)上的最重要一課,,恰恰就是形式的重要性。喬布斯在2000年接受《財(cái)富》雜志采訪時(shí)表示:“設(shè)計(jì)是人類創(chuàng)造的基本靈魂,,最終會(huì)在產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的外層上連續(xù)表現(xiàn)出來,。”達(dá)雷爾也證明了這一點(diǎn):工程學(xué)固然重要,,但一款技術(shù)產(chǎn)品賴以成功的,,是它的獨(dú)特設(shè)計(jì)。

達(dá)雷爾幫助打破的一個(gè)重要神話,,涉及到那些能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)指數(shù)級(jí)創(chuàng)新的人的專業(yè)背景:他們不必是極客或書呆子,。在這個(gè)問題上,史蒂夫·喬布斯也持有特別強(qiáng)烈的看法,?!耙粋€(gè)融入蘋果DNA的理念是,僅有技術(shù)是不夠的——技術(shù)必須與人文藝術(shù)和人文學(xué)科完美結(jié)合,,才能產(chǎn)生讓人怦然心動(dòng)的效果,。沒有什么可以比這些后PC時(shí)代的設(shè)備更加真實(shí)地體現(xiàn)出這一點(diǎn)了?!眴滩妓乖?011年3月舉行的iPad 2發(fā)布會(huì)上如是說道,。達(dá)雷爾本人早年在阿肯色州一所小型文理學(xué)院主修英語,之后在哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard University)獲得MBA學(xué)位,。

締造偉大創(chuàng)新的文科生還有很多:YouTube的首席執(zhí)行官蘇珊·沃西基主修歷史和文學(xué),;Slack的創(chuàng)始人斯圖爾特·巴特菲爾德學(xué)的是英語;愛彼迎(Airbnb)的創(chuàng)始人布萊恩·切斯基是美術(shù)專業(yè)出身,。中國(guó)科技巨頭阿里巴巴的創(chuàng)始人馬云,,也是一位學(xué)英語的師范生。在技術(shù)融合呈指數(shù)級(jí)發(fā)展的新時(shí)代,,創(chuàng)造最具顛覆性的解決方案往往需要生物學(xué),、教育學(xué)、健康學(xué)和人類行為學(xué)等方面的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,。應(yīng)對(duì)當(dāng)今最大的社會(huì)和技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn),,需要批判性地思考這些挑戰(zhàn)所處的人類環(huán)境,而人文學(xué)科的畢業(yè)生恰好在這方面受過良好的專業(yè)訓(xùn)練,。

多元化和簡(jiǎn)化

當(dāng)達(dá)雷爾開始重塑羅技時(shí),,Dollar Shave Club等數(shù)字原生品牌是市場(chǎng)上的酷兒。他們已經(jīng)搞清楚了如何直接向客戶銷售,,如何繞過繁冗的傳統(tǒng)銷售流程——你必須得拓展分銷渠道,,并在一家大型實(shí)體店獲得貨架空間。他們尤其擅長(zhǎng)在亞馬遜(Amazon)等電商平臺(tái)上搞促銷活動(dòng),,仿佛天生就是干這個(gè)的,,而傳統(tǒng)品牌往往疲于應(yīng)對(duì)這些營(yíng)銷攻勢(shì)。這些數(shù)字原生代經(jīng)常會(huì)創(chuàng)造一些市場(chǎng)熱點(diǎn),,最初讓千禧一代和X一代產(chǎn)生共鳴,,隨后往往也會(huì)打動(dòng)其他年齡段的消費(fèi)群體。他們還傾向于更加頻繁地更新產(chǎn)品,,并采取因產(chǎn)品而異的營(yíng)銷方式,。

在達(dá)雷爾的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,羅技加速推進(jìn)多品牌戰(zhàn)略,,不僅尋求更好地利用現(xiàn)有資產(chǎn),,還收購了一些新資產(chǎn)。羅技UE(Ultimate Ears)迅速成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)備受歡迎的藍(lán)牙音箱品牌,,屢屢斬獲音頻評(píng)論期刊和科技出版物頒發(fā)的權(quán)威獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),。2016年,羅技從澳大利亞企業(yè)家賈德·阿姆斯特朗的手中,,收購了快速增長(zhǎng)的無線耳機(jī)公司Jaybird,,成就了另一次關(guān)鍵的擴(kuò)展。Jaybird開創(chuàng)了一個(gè)高端無線音頻品牌,,在運(yùn)動(dòng)員和冒險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)專業(yè)人士中擁有極高的人氣,。羅技隨后又收購了兩個(gè)迅速擴(kuò)張的互補(bǔ)品牌:Blue(麥克風(fēng))和ASTRO Gaming(游戲耳機(jī))。

在大公司的履職經(jīng)歷,,讓達(dá)雷爾深諳這些公司在運(yùn)營(yíng)方面的利弊,。從積極的方面來看,大型組織在成本方面保持自律,,并且重視銷售和營(yíng)銷環(huán)節(jié)的投資,。從消極的方面看,這些大廠經(jīng)常浮現(xiàn)令人窒息的官僚主義,,行動(dòng)遲緩,,很容易扼殺企業(yè)家精神和創(chuàng)新,。在羅技,達(dá)雷爾堅(jiān)持讓團(tuán)隊(duì)保持小規(guī)模和獨(dú)立性,,注重維系這是一家小公司的感覺,。他還將組織扁平化,要求麾下20多名高級(jí)經(jīng)理直接向他匯報(bào)工作,。

與此同時(shí),,羅技的高管明確表示,他們歡迎有可能大獲成功,,創(chuàng)造1000%回報(bào)率的“投機(jī)性業(yè)務(wù)”,。

注重“人際聯(lián)系”

達(dá)雷爾的另一個(gè)做法也對(duì)公司大有裨益,那就是始終與廣大員工保持聯(lián)系,。在企業(yè)評(píng)論網(wǎng)站Glassdoor上,,你可以看到許多評(píng)論都談到了他如何花時(shí)間與員工相處,并傾聽他們的觀點(diǎn),。

所有這些并不意味著羅技的轉(zhuǎn)型之路是一帆風(fēng)順的,。其實(shí)也有失敗的產(chǎn)品。重新分配研發(fā)資金在公司內(nèi)部引發(fā)了一些憤怒和恐懼情緒,。中層管理人員很難適應(yīng)新環(huán)境,。但貨真價(jià)實(shí)的數(shù)字證實(shí)了達(dá)雷爾的做法。羅技的利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)了一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),;鍵盤和鼠標(biāo)對(duì)公司收入的貢獻(xiàn)現(xiàn)在不到三分之一,,而那些久負(fù)盛名的設(shè)計(jì)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)也已經(jīng)拿到手軟。投資者同樣收獲滿滿,。相較于達(dá)雷爾加入時(shí)的最低谷,,羅技的股價(jià)已經(jīng)上漲了十倍以上。

在執(zhí)掌公司五年之后,,達(dá)雷爾決定炒自己的魷魚,,然后評(píng)估一下他是否會(huì)重新聘用自己。這聽起來像一個(gè)噱頭,,但達(dá)雷爾確實(shí)在認(rèn)真考慮他是不是還適合這份工作,。經(jīng)過一番深思熟慮,他最終判定自己還算是一個(gè)能夠接受的首席執(zhí)行官人選,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

本文節(jié)選自維韋克·瓦德瓦,、伊斯梅爾·阿姆拉和亞歷克斯·薩爾克弗合著的《從增量式創(chuàng)新到指數(shù)級(jí)創(chuàng)新》(From Incremental to Exponential)一書。版權(quán)所有?2021,。轉(zhuǎn)載經(jīng)Berrett-Koehler出版社許可,。www.bkconnection.com。

譯者:任文科

Logitech’s CEO, Bracken Darrell, keeps a copy of the legendary designer Dieter Rams’s "Ten Principles for Good Design” on the wall of the conference room next to his open office desk. The German industrial designer is a guru to many of the leading product designers of our time, including Jony Ives of Apple. Darrell, too, believes passionately in the power of design. This belief is what has underlain his execution of a stunning turnaround of his struggling company since he became CEO in 2013.

The Logitech that Darrell arrived at in 2012, when he joined as president, was known mostly for cheap computer mice in neutral colors and clunky, forgettable keyboards. The Swiss company created products to fit price points and often launched products without significant market testing. At best, the products were uninspired; at worst, they were ugly.

Inspired by Apple as well as by his own experience as president of Procter & Gamble’s Braun division, Darrell resolved to reinvent Logitech “as a design company.” This seemed a tall order for a maker of mice and keyboards, and he knew that he would need a design leader as his partner and to build a culture of design excellence before he could pair Logitech’s impeccable product engineering and manufacturing with eye-popping design. That combination, Darrell believed, would turn the company around and make it a lot more exciting to customers, investors, and its own employees.

The alternative was a dark future. Logitech sales had stagnated before Darrell joined. The market for plain PC peripherals was not growing: Smartphone and laptop users had no need for them.

Design principles and purpose

To effect the transformation, Darrell assigned resources to match his vision. He took two-thirds of the company’s $200 million annual R&D budget away from mice and keyboards and used it to place bets on faster-growing sectors. He recruited a very respected designer who had led design at Nokia: Alastair Curtis. The team, now boasting more than 100 designers, has subsequently attracted talent from Nike, IDEO, and other leading companies.

To give this transformation a heart and soul, Darrell and Curtis created design principles that echoed those of Dieter Rams. Logitech’s principles are simple and elegant:

Powerful Idea: clarity of purpose and the benefit to the consumer

Soul: unique personality of the product/experience

Effortless: relentless pursuit of creating friction-free experiences

Crafted: simplifying, perfecting, and stripping down to the essential

Magical: interactions that are alive and expressive

The idea is not to build products merely to fill a niche, but to build products to fill a need, and to do so in a way that creates emotional resonance and crafts a comfortable, seamless user experience. Having a major unifying idea behind every new product was a powerful way to force designers, marketers, and everyone else working for Logitech to check whether the feature they were designing or the marketing campaign they were planning fitted the unifying idea of the product.

For example, Logitech’s Circle Home security streaming-camera system provides a visual principle—the device is circle-shaped—and a language concerning the circle encompassing our homes, our loved ones, and the places we care about and want to watch. Logitech’s Spotlight Presentation Pointer is designed to help audiences focus on the speaker. Even in products deriving from Logitech’s past, the design teams are striving to add one or two seminal features that improve the lives of their users. On keyboards, for instance, Logitech began adding dials so that people could scroll through menus with their keyboard rather than with an inexact mouse.

Innovation is considered the domain of mathematicians and scientists, and engineering often receives all the focus. But the most important lesson that Steve Jobs taught the tech industry concerned the importance of form. As Jobs told?Fortune?in an interview in 2000, “Design is the fundamental soul of a man-made creation that ends up expressing itself in successive outer layers of the product or service.” This is what Darrell also demonstrated: Engineering is assuredly important, but what makes a technology product most successful is its design.

An important myth that Darrell helps shatter concerns the backgrounds of people who can make exponential innovations happen: They don’t need to be geeks and nerds. This too is something on which Steve Jobs held a very strong opinion. “It’s in Apple’s DNA that technology alone is not enough—that it’s technology married with liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields us the result that makes our heart sing. And nowhere is that more true than in these post-PC devices,” said Jobs at the unveiling of the iPad 2 in March 2011. Darrell himself majored in English at a small liberal arts college in Arkansas before completing an MBA at Harvard.

There are other great liberal arts examples: YouTube’s chief executive, Susan Wojcicki, majored in history and literature; Slack’s founder, Stewart Butterfield, in English; Airbnb’s founder, Brian Chesky, in the fine arts; and, in China, Alibaba’s chief executive, Jack Ma, in English. In the new era of converging exponentially advancing technologies, creating the most disruptive solutions often requires a knowledge of fields such as biology, education, health sciences, and human behavior. Tackling today’s greatest social and technological challenges requires the ability to think critically about their human context—something in which humanities graduates happen to be well trained.

Diversifying and simplifying

As Darrell was beginning to reinvent Logitech, digital-native brands such as Dollar Shave Club were the cool kids on the block. They had figured out how to sell directly to customers, bypassing the traditional song and dance of securing distribution and shelf space at a major physical storefront. They played the Amazon merchandising game as if they were born to it, running circles around legacy brands. These digital natives often created market buzz that resonated initially with Millennials and Generation Xers, often expanding then into other demographic age groups. They also tended to refresh products more often and vary their approaches to marketing.

Under Darrell, Logitech accelerated a multi-brand strategy, better utilizing existing assets and, in a few instances, acquiring new ones. Logitech’s UE (Ultimate Ears) brand broke out as a popular Bluetooth speaker brand, winning numerous prestigious awards from audio reviews and tech publications. The company made another key acquisition in 2016 with the purchase of Jaybird, a fast-growing wireless-earbuds company founded by Australian entrepreneur Judd Armstrong. Jaybird had carved out a premium wireless-audio brand with a strong following among athletes and adventure-sports pros. Logitech then went on to acquire two rapidly expanding complementary brands, Blue (microphones) and ASTRO Gaming (gaming headsets).

Darrell’s years at large companies had taught him the good and bad of them. On the positive side, they remained disciplined on cost and invested in sales and marketing. On the negative, they could be stiflingly bureaucratic and slow and could kill off entrepreneurship and innovation as business grew. At Logitech, Darrell kept teams small and independent, to maintain the feeling of a small company, and he flattened the organization, having more than twenty senior managers report to him directly.

Meanwhile, Logitech’s senior managers were clearly signaling that they welcomed speculative ventures that could be moonshots returning 1000% on investments.

Recognizing “people people”

One other practice of Darrell’s that stands the company in good stead is staying in touch with his employees. Review after review on Glassdoor remarks on how he spends time with employees and listens to their points of view.

None of this should be taken as minimizing the company’s struggles in making this transformation. There have been failed products. Reallocating the R&D money resulted in some anger and fear. Middle-level managers struggled to acclimate to the new environment. But the numbers bear Darrell out. Profits have increased by an order of magnitude; the company now derives less than a third of its revenues from the sales of keyboards and mice, and it is now a perennial winner of prestigious design awards. Investors have likewise benefited. Share prices have risen more than tenfold since their nadir, when Darrell joined.

After five years as CEO, Darrell decided to undertake an exercise of firing himself and assessing whether he would hire himself back. It sounds like a gimmick, but Darrell was seriously considering whether he was the right guy for the job. He decided he was an acceptable candidate after all.

Excerpted from the book From Incremental to Exponential, by Vivek Wadhwa and Ismail Amla with Alex Salkever, Copyright ? 2021. Reprinted by permission of Berrett-Koehler Publishers, www.bkconnection.com.

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