美國(guó)拜登政府的高官于5月25日公布了在加州海岸建設(shè)首座漂浮式海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的計(jì)劃,,盡管五角大樓一直擔(dān)心風(fēng)機(jī)可能會(huì)影響當(dāng)?shù)氐能娛掠?xùn)練和演習(xí),。
根據(jù)最新協(xié)議,拜登政府預(yù)期的風(fēng)電租賃項(xiàng)目,,可以滿(mǎn)足160萬(wàn)戶(hù)家庭的用電需求,,其中包括位于莫羅貝西北399平方英里(1,033平方公里)的一片區(qū)域,能夠支持3吉瓦海上風(fēng)電容量,。
而美國(guó)內(nèi)政部(Interior Department)也在推動(dòng)位于洪堡縣海上水域的風(fēng)電租賃項(xiàng)目,,發(fā)電容量達(dá)到1.6吉瓦。根據(jù)協(xié)議規(guī)定,,美國(guó)國(guó)防部(Defense Department)和內(nèi)政部承諾相互配合,,使該區(qū)域可以同時(shí)支持軍事演習(xí)和可再生能源開(kāi)發(fā)。
白宮國(guó)家氣候顧問(wèn)(White House National Climate Advisor)吉娜?麥卡錫表示,,此次取得的突破充分利用了加州近?!笆澜缫涣鞯暮I巷L(fēng)電資源”,它“將為長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展清潔能源和一項(xiàng)全新的‘美國(guó)制造’產(chǎn)業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)奠定基礎(chǔ)”,。
在經(jīng)過(guò)環(huán)境分析和公開(kāi)征求意見(jiàn)之后,,該協(xié)議為美國(guó)政府于2022年年中之前出售加州中北部海岸的風(fēng)電租賃權(quán)做好了準(zhǔn)備。
這個(gè)區(qū)域是開(kāi)發(fā)可再生能源的首選目標(biāo),。美國(guó)西海岸的近海水域能夠?yàn)殚_(kāi)發(fā)商提供穩(wěn)定,、強(qiáng)烈的晚風(fēng),可發(fā)電近1太瓦,,可以幫助加州實(shí)現(xiàn)在2045年之前僅使用無(wú)碳能源的目標(biāo),。美國(guó)太平洋水域的海上風(fēng)電開(kāi)發(fā),也將幫助總統(tǒng)喬?拜登實(shí)現(xiàn)到這個(gè)十年結(jié)束時(shí)海上風(fēng)電轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)容量達(dá)到30吉瓦的目標(biāo),。
然而,,技術(shù)和政治方面的挑戰(zhàn)則可能放緩該地區(qū)的風(fēng)電發(fā)展速度。位于美國(guó)西海岸的大陸架快速下降,,因此無(wú)法在海床上安裝常規(guī)風(fēng)機(jī),,只能使用更昂貴的漂浮式結(jié)構(gòu),。
這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)區(qū)域是距離圣路易斯-奧比斯波縣北部約17至40英里的近海,該區(qū)域的海上風(fēng)電項(xiàng)目能夠與現(xiàn)有電力基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施連接,,將風(fēng)機(jī)發(fā)電產(chǎn)生的電力輸送至莫羅貝一座已經(jīng)停產(chǎn)的發(fā)電廠(chǎng),。
雖然美國(guó)西海岸有多個(gè)區(qū)域發(fā)展可再生能源的前景光明,但卻一直遭到軍方官員的反對(duì),,因?yàn)樵撍蚪?jīng)常被用于測(cè)試和軍事演習(xí)。在5月25日取得突破之前,,代表主要聯(lián)邦政府部門(mén),、國(guó)防部和加州能源委員會(huì)(California Energy Commission)的工作組已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了近兩年的談判。雙方之所以可以達(dá)成妥協(xié),,得益于加州民主黨議員沙魯?卡瓦哈爾和吉米?帕內(nèi)塔的斡旋,。
美國(guó)國(guó)防部負(fù)責(zé)政策事務(wù)的副部長(zhǎng)科林?卡爾在5月25日的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上稱(chēng):“美國(guó)國(guó)防部致力于與政府合作,尋找既能夠支持發(fā)展可再生能源,,又不會(huì)影響重要軍事行動(dòng)的方式,。”
目前,,美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府已經(jīng)出售了較淺的東海岸的風(fēng)電租賃權(quán),,但在太平洋水域還沒(méi)有商業(yè)租賃合同。
目前,,有多家可再生能源開(kāi)發(fā)商已經(jīng)對(duì)這個(gè)區(qū)域表現(xiàn)出濃厚的興趣,。Magellan Wind、Orsted North America公司和Equinor ASA是推動(dòng)加州近海開(kāi)發(fā)海上風(fēng)電的聯(lián)合體的成員,。Trident Winds公司與EnBW North America的合伙公司Castle Wind有限責(zé)任公司已經(jīng)提交了莫羅貝附近一座1,000兆瓦漂浮式海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的建議書(shū),。
加州的州長(zhǎng)加文?紐森表示,開(kāi)發(fā)海上風(fēng)電對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)該州的清潔能源目標(biāo)至關(guān)重要,。他在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上指出,,這個(gè)消息的公布“代表我們需要以創(chuàng)新方式發(fā)展清潔能源經(jīng)濟(jì),從而保護(hù)加州人民所珍愛(ài)的海岸,、漁業(yè),、海洋生物以及部落和文化資源?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
美國(guó)拜登政府的高官于5月25日公布了在加州海岸建設(shè)首座漂浮式海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的計(jì)劃,,盡管五角大樓一直擔(dān)心風(fēng)機(jī)可能會(huì)影響當(dāng)?shù)氐能娛掠?xùn)練和演習(xí)。
根據(jù)最新協(xié)議,,拜登政府預(yù)期的風(fēng)電租賃項(xiàng)目,,可以滿(mǎn)足160萬(wàn)戶(hù)家庭的用電需求,其中包括位于莫羅貝西北399平方英里(1,033平方公里)的一片區(qū)域,,能夠支持3吉瓦海上風(fēng)電容量,。
而美國(guó)內(nèi)政部(Interior Department)也在推動(dòng)位于洪堡縣海上水域的風(fēng)電租賃項(xiàng)目,,發(fā)電容量達(dá)到1.6吉瓦。根據(jù)協(xié)議規(guī)定,,美國(guó)國(guó)防部(Defense Department)和內(nèi)政部承諾相互配合,,使該區(qū)域可以同時(shí)支持軍事演習(xí)和可再生能源開(kāi)發(fā)。
白宮國(guó)家氣候顧問(wèn)(White House National Climate Advisor)吉娜?麥卡錫表示,,此次取得的突破充分利用了加州近?!笆澜缫涣鞯暮I巷L(fēng)電資源”,它“將為長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展清潔能源和一項(xiàng)全新的‘美國(guó)制造’產(chǎn)業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)奠定基礎(chǔ)”,。
在經(jīng)過(guò)環(huán)境分析和公開(kāi)征求意見(jiàn)之后,,該協(xié)議為美國(guó)政府于2022年年中之前出售加州中北部海岸的風(fēng)電租賃權(quán)做好了準(zhǔn)備。
這個(gè)區(qū)域是開(kāi)發(fā)可再生能源的首選目標(biāo),。美國(guó)西海岸的近海水域能夠?yàn)殚_(kāi)發(fā)商提供穩(wěn)定,、強(qiáng)烈的晚風(fēng),可發(fā)電近1太瓦,,可以幫助加州實(shí)現(xiàn)在2045年之前僅使用無(wú)碳能源的目標(biāo),。美國(guó)太平洋水域的海上風(fēng)電開(kāi)發(fā),也將幫助總統(tǒng)喬?拜登實(shí)現(xiàn)到這個(gè)十年結(jié)束時(shí)海上風(fēng)電轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)容量達(dá)到30吉瓦的目標(biāo),。
然而,,技術(shù)和政治方面的挑戰(zhàn)則可能放緩該地區(qū)的風(fēng)電發(fā)展速度。位于美國(guó)西海岸的大陸架快速下降,,因此無(wú)法在海床上安裝常規(guī)風(fēng)機(jī),,只能使用更昂貴的漂浮式結(jié)構(gòu)。
這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)區(qū)域是距離圣路易斯-奧比斯波縣北部約17至40英里的近海,,該區(qū)域的海上風(fēng)電項(xiàng)目能夠與現(xiàn)有電力基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施連接,,將風(fēng)機(jī)發(fā)電產(chǎn)生的電力輸送至莫羅貝一座已經(jīng)停產(chǎn)的發(fā)電廠(chǎng)。
雖然美國(guó)西海岸有多個(gè)區(qū)域發(fā)展可再生能源的前景光明,,但卻一直遭到軍方官員的反對(duì),,因?yàn)樵撍蚪?jīng)常被用于測(cè)試和軍事演習(xí)。在5月25日取得突破之前,,代表主要聯(lián)邦政府部門(mén),、國(guó)防部和加州能源委員會(huì)(California Energy Commission)的工作組已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了近兩年的談判。雙方之所以可以達(dá)成妥協(xié),,得益于加州民主黨議員沙魯?卡瓦哈爾和吉米?帕內(nèi)塔的斡旋,。
美國(guó)國(guó)防部負(fù)責(zé)政策事務(wù)的副部長(zhǎng)科林?卡爾在5月25日的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上稱(chēng):“美國(guó)國(guó)防部致力于與政府合作,尋找既能夠支持發(fā)展可再生能源,,又不會(huì)影響重要軍事行動(dòng)的方式,。”
目前,,美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府已經(jīng)出售了較淺的東海岸的風(fēng)電租賃權(quán),,但在太平洋水域還沒(méi)有商業(yè)租賃合同,。
目前,有多家可再生能源開(kāi)發(fā)商已經(jīng)對(duì)這個(gè)區(qū)域表現(xiàn)出濃厚的興趣,。Magellan Wind,、Orsted North America公司和Equinor ASA是推動(dòng)加州近海開(kāi)發(fā)海上風(fēng)電的聯(lián)合體的成員。Trident Winds公司與EnBW North America的合伙公司Castle Wind有限責(zé)任公司已經(jīng)提交了莫羅貝附近一座1,000兆瓦漂浮式海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的建議書(shū),。
加州的州長(zhǎng)加文?紐森表示,,開(kāi)發(fā)海上風(fēng)電對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)該州的清潔能源目標(biāo)至關(guān)重要。他在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上指出,,這個(gè)消息的公布“代表我們需要以創(chuàng)新方式發(fā)展清潔能源經(jīng)濟(jì),,從而保護(hù)加州人民所珍愛(ài)的海岸、漁業(yè),、海洋生物以及部落和文化資源?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
Top Biden administration officials on May 25 unveiled their plan to get the first-ever wind farms floating off the California coast, despite longstanding Pentagon concerns that turbines would complicate military training exercises in the region.
Under the new agreement, the administration is targeting potential wind leasing that could power 1.6 million homes, including in a 399-square-mile (1033-square-kilometer) area northwest of Morro Bay, capable of supporting 3 gigawatts of offshore wind capacity.
The Interior Department also is advancing plans for potential wind leases in waters off Humboldt County, with the capacity to generate 1.6 gigawatts of power. Under the deal, the Defense and Interior Departments are promising to collaborate so the region can support military exercises and renewable energy development.
White House National Climate Advisor Gina McCarthy said the breakthrough “will set the stage for the long-term development of clean energy and the growth of a brand new made-in-America industry” that takes advantage of a “world-class offshore wind resource” near California.
The pact sets the stage for a potential government sale of wind leases near the northern and central California coast as soon as mid-2022, following additional environmental analysis and public consultation.
The area is a top target for renewable energy development. Waters off the U.S. West Coast beckon developers with steady, strong evening winds that could generate nearly a terawatt of electricity and help satisfy a California goal to rely on only carbon-free energy by 2045. Offshore wind development in U.S. Pacific waters also could help meet President Joe Biden’s goal of getting 30 gigawatts of offshore wind power capacity installed by the end of the decade.
Yet, technological and political challenges have slowed wind development in the region. The continental shelf plunges fast and deep off the U.S. West Coast, making it impossible to install conventional turbines into the sea floor and compelling the use of more expensive floating structures instead.
Offshore wind projects in the targeted area about 17 to 40-miles off northern San Luis Obispo County could link up with existing electric infrastructure, funneling power from the turbines to a decommissioned power plant at Morro Bay.
Military officials have long objected to renewable development in some of the most promising West Coast waters, which are also used for testing and training operations. May 25’s breakthrough comes after nearly two years of negotiations by a working group representing key federal agencies, the Defense Department and the California Energy Commission. The effort to broker a compromise was spurred on by California Democratic Representatives Salud Carbajal and Jimmy Panetta.
“The Defense Department is committed to working across the U.S. government to find solutions that support renewable energy in a manner compatible with essential military operations,” Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Colin Kahl said in a news release on May 25.
The federal government has already sold wind leases along the shallower East Coast, but no commercial leases have been offered in U.S. Pacific waters.
Several renewable developers have signaled interest in the region. Magellan Wind, Orsted North America Inc. and Equinor ASA are part of a coalition pushing for offshore wind development near California. Castle Wind LLC, a partnership of Trident Winds Inc. and EnBW North America, has proposed a 1,000-megawatt floating offshore wind farm near Morro Bay.
California Governor Gavin Newsom said the effort was critical to meeting the state’s clean energy goals. The announcement “represents the innovative approach we need for a clean energy economy that protects the coasts, fisheries, marine life, and tribal and cultural resources we value so much as Californians,” Newsom said in the release.