別老以為投資者都缺乏理性,,只求所投資公司專注于做好短期內(nèi)的業(yè)績(jī),而不希望它們?nèi)プ隹赡芤群眯┠瓴拍軒?lái)回報(bào)的穩(wěn)妥投資,。迪士尼公司上周五上午開盤的交易情況便是很好的例證。
上周四下午,該股報(bào)收于154美元左右,。次日上午,,股價(jià)飆升至174美元,創(chuàng)下歷史新高,。這背后只有一個(gè)解釋說(shuō)得通:上周四收盤后,,迪士尼宣布宣布了旗下包括Disney+、Hulu在內(nèi)的各項(xiàng)流媒體服務(wù)的發(fā)展計(jì)劃,。經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)的數(shù)據(jù)分析后,,華爾街分析師們得出的結(jié)論是,迪士尼2021財(cái)年(截至9月30日)利潤(rùn)將因此大幅下滑,。例如,,據(jù)市場(chǎng)研究公司MoffettNathanson的邁克爾?內(nèi)桑森估算,迪士尼的利潤(rùn)將比他之前估計(jì)的低出30%,。它的流媒體服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)虧損額將比市場(chǎng)原來(lái)預(yù)期的虧損額還要多出7億美元,。但投資者喜聞樂見。
這其實(shí)并不令人意外,??偟膩?lái)說(shuō),迪士尼在流媒體視頻領(lǐng)域的表現(xiàn)相當(dāng)喜人,。2019年11月上線Disney+流媒體服務(wù)時(shí),,它跟華爾街說(shuō),預(yù)計(jì)到2024年末這項(xiàng)服務(wù)的訂閱用戶數(shù)量將達(dá)到6000萬(wàn)至9000萬(wàn),。而在新冠疫情的大力推動(dòng)下,,該服務(wù)的訂戶規(guī)模現(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)達(dá)到8700萬(wàn),。迪士尼對(duì)2024年末Disney+訂戶量的最新預(yù)測(cè)是:全球訂戶規(guī)模將達(dá)到2.3億至2.6億,,背后有兩大因素推波助瀾:美國(guó)市場(chǎng)的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)和更積極的全球擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃。
該公司不僅向外界給出了高預(yù)期,。它還解釋了它將如何兌現(xiàn)預(yù)期,,詳細(xì)介紹了美國(guó)投資銀行Cowen分析師道格?克魯茨所說(shuō)的“令人甚是驚嘆的新內(nèi)容組合”——涵蓋眾多電影和電視劇內(nèi)容,比如《星球大戰(zhàn)》衍生劇集《曼達(dá)洛人》,,它在Disney+平臺(tái)上非常紅火,。據(jù)迪士尼預(yù)計(jì),到2024年,,旗下流媒體服務(wù)的獨(dú)家內(nèi)容年投入將達(dá)到140億至160億美元,。這超出了分析師的預(yù)期,因而他們紛紛下調(diào)迪士尼的利潤(rùn)和自由現(xiàn)金流預(yù)期,。在很多投資者眼里,,自由現(xiàn)金流是一項(xiàng)比利潤(rùn)還要重要的衡量指標(biāo),。但迪士尼的投資者并不在乎,他們明白那些龐大的投資最終會(huì)帶來(lái)回報(bào),。
不管怎么樣,,投資者普遍都信賴迪士尼,因?yàn)樗L(zhǎng)時(shí)間以來(lái)專注于長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展,,而且向來(lái)都有著良好的信譽(yù),。2006年,迪士尼前首席執(zhí)行官鮑勃?伊格爾在執(zhí)掌帥印一年后便開始著手將公司打造成為內(nèi)容巨無(wú)霸,。那一年,,他收購(gòu)了皮克斯(擁有《玩具總動(dòng)員》和《汽車總動(dòng)員》),而后又在2009年,、2012年和2019年分別吞并了漫威(擁有《復(fù)仇者聯(lián)盟》和《蜘蛛俠》),、盧卡斯影業(yè)(擁有《星球大戰(zhàn)》)以及21世紀(jì)福克斯(擁有《終結(jié)者》和《波西米亞狂想曲》),。他被詬病為這些收購(gòu)付出了過(guò)高的代價(jià),,但現(xiàn)在回頭來(lái)看,這些都是超值的買賣,。因此,,2019年,當(dāng)?shù)鲜磕岣嬷A爾街其流媒體服務(wù)將在數(shù)年內(nèi)虧損數(shù)十億美元,,但最終會(huì)在2024年后實(shí)現(xiàn)盈利的時(shí)候,,投資者普遍都深信不疑。
雖然今年2月伊格爾將首席執(zhí)行官一職轉(zhuǎn)交給了迪士尼資深高管鮑勃?查皮克,,但這不影響大局,,因?yàn)橐粮駹柸匀粨?dān)任公司的執(zhí)行董事長(zhǎng),仍然是發(fā)號(hào)施令的那個(gè)人,。
僅僅一年前,,娛樂行業(yè)和業(yè)界分析師還在就“流媒體戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”的到來(lái)議論紛紛,以為亞馬遜,、蘋果Apple TV+,、Disney+、HBO Max,、Netflix,、Peacock等公司之間勢(shì)必將掀起一番混戰(zhàn)。但現(xiàn)在看來(lái),,這個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)更像是Netflix和迪士尼之間的雙雄爭(zhēng)霸,,其它的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者都被遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩在身后,只能爭(zhēng)個(gè)第三名,,甚至生存難保,。麥格理分析師蒂姆?諾倫在研究報(bào)告中寫道,,迪士尼旗下流媒體服務(wù)(Disney+、Hulu和ESPN+)全球總訂戶數(shù)量“按目前估算,,到2024財(cái)年將達(dá)到3億至3.5億,。這超過(guò)了我們對(duì)Netflix全球2.95億訂戶的預(yù)估?!毕噍^之下,其它的一眾流媒體服務(wù)還望塵莫及,。
對(duì)于遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者來(lái)說(shuō),,未來(lái)行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)只會(huì)越發(fā)艱難。內(nèi)桑森得出的結(jié)論是:“從內(nèi)容矩陣的龐大規(guī)模和質(zhì)量來(lái)看,,Disney+對(duì)任何想要在影視娛樂領(lǐng)域占據(jù)一席之地的非同級(jí)別公司來(lái)說(shuō)都是驚世駭俗的,。”這就是為什么迪士尼股價(jià)創(chuàng)下歷史記錄,。
這一切都給那些抱怨投資者不讓追求遠(yuǎn)景戰(zhàn)略的首席執(zhí)行官和董事們提了個(gè)醒:也許問(wèn)題并不是出在投資者身上,,而是出在他們的戰(zhàn)略上。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:萬(wàn)志文
別老以為投資者都缺乏理性,,只求所投資公司專注于做好短期內(nèi)的業(yè)績(jī),,而不希望它們?nèi)プ隹赡芤群眯┠瓴拍軒?lái)回報(bào)的穩(wěn)妥投資。迪士尼公司上周五上午開盤的交易情況便是很好的例證,。
上周四下午,,該股報(bào)收于154美元左右。次日上午,,股價(jià)飆升至174美元,,創(chuàng)下歷史新高。這背后只有一個(gè)解釋說(shuō)得通:上周四收盤后,,迪士尼宣布宣布了旗下包括Disney+,、Hulu在內(nèi)的各項(xiàng)流媒體服務(wù)的發(fā)展計(jì)劃。經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)的數(shù)據(jù)分析后,,華爾街分析師們得出的結(jié)論是,,迪士尼2021財(cái)年(截至9月30日)利潤(rùn)將因此大幅下滑。例如,,據(jù)市場(chǎng)研究公司MoffettNathanson的邁克爾?內(nèi)桑森估算,,迪士尼的利潤(rùn)將比他之前估計(jì)的低出30%。它的流媒體服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)虧損額將比市場(chǎng)原來(lái)預(yù)期的虧損額還要多出7億美元,。但投資者喜聞樂見,。
這其實(shí)并不令人意外??偟膩?lái)說(shuō),,迪士尼在流媒體視頻領(lǐng)域的表現(xiàn)相當(dāng)喜人,。2019年11月上線Disney+流媒體服務(wù)時(shí),它跟華爾街說(shuō),,預(yù)計(jì)到2024年末這項(xiàng)服務(wù)的訂閱用戶數(shù)量將達(dá)到6000萬(wàn)至9000萬(wàn),。而在新冠疫情的大力推動(dòng)下,該服務(wù)的訂戶規(guī)?,F(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)達(dá)到8700萬(wàn),。迪士尼對(duì)2024年末Disney+訂戶量的最新預(yù)測(cè)是:全球訂戶規(guī)模將達(dá)到2.3億至2.6億,背后有兩大因素推波助瀾:美國(guó)市場(chǎng)的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)和更積極的全球擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃,。
該公司不僅向外界給出了高預(yù)期,。它還解釋了它將如何兌現(xiàn)預(yù)期,詳細(xì)介紹了美國(guó)投資銀行Cowen分析師道格?克魯茨所說(shuō)的“令人甚是驚嘆的新內(nèi)容組合”——涵蓋眾多電影和電視劇內(nèi)容,,比如《星球大戰(zhàn)》衍生劇集《曼達(dá)洛人》,,它在Disney+平臺(tái)上非常紅火。據(jù)迪士尼預(yù)計(jì),,到2024年,,旗下流媒體服務(wù)的獨(dú)家內(nèi)容年投入將達(dá)到140億至160億美元。這超出了分析師的預(yù)期,,因而他們紛紛下調(diào)迪士尼的利潤(rùn)和自由現(xiàn)金流預(yù)期,。在很多投資者眼里,自由現(xiàn)金流是一項(xiàng)比利潤(rùn)還要重要的衡量指標(biāo),。但迪士尼的投資者并不在乎,,他們明白那些龐大的投資最終會(huì)帶來(lái)回報(bào)。
不管怎么樣,,投資者普遍都信賴迪士尼,,因?yàn)樗L(zhǎng)時(shí)間以來(lái)專注于長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展,而且向來(lái)都有著良好的信譽(yù),。2006年,,迪士尼前首席執(zhí)行官鮑勃?伊格爾在執(zhí)掌帥印一年后便開始著手將公司打造成為內(nèi)容巨無(wú)霸。那一年,,他收購(gòu)了皮克斯(擁有《玩具總動(dòng)員》和《汽車總動(dòng)員》),,而后又在2009年、2012年和2019年分別吞并了漫威(擁有《復(fù)仇者聯(lián)盟》和《蜘蛛俠》),、盧卡斯影業(yè)(擁有《星球大戰(zhàn)》)以及21世紀(jì)??怂梗〒碛小督K結(jié)者》和《波西米亞狂想曲》)。他被詬病為這些收購(gòu)付出了過(guò)高的代價(jià),,但現(xiàn)在回頭來(lái)看,,這些都是超值的買賣。因此,,2019年,,當(dāng)?shù)鲜磕岣嬷A爾街其流媒體服務(wù)將在數(shù)年內(nèi)虧損數(shù)十億美元,,但最終會(huì)在2024年后實(shí)現(xiàn)盈利的時(shí)候,投資者普遍都深信不疑,。
雖然今年2月伊格爾將首席執(zhí)行官一職轉(zhuǎn)交給了迪士尼資深高管鮑勃?查皮克,,但這不影響大局,因?yàn)橐粮駹柸匀粨?dān)任公司的執(zhí)行董事長(zhǎng),,仍然是發(fā)號(hào)施令的那個(gè)人,。
僅僅一年前,娛樂行業(yè)和業(yè)界分析師還在就“流媒體戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”的到來(lái)議論紛紛,,以為亞馬遜,、蘋果Apple TV+、Disney+,、HBO Max、Netflix,、Peacock等公司之間勢(shì)必將掀起一番混戰(zhàn),。但現(xiàn)在看來(lái),這個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)更像是Netflix和迪士尼之間的雙雄爭(zhēng)霸,,其它的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者都被遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩在身后,,只能爭(zhēng)個(gè)第三名,甚至生存難保,。麥格理分析師蒂姆?諾倫在研究報(bào)告中寫道,,迪士尼旗下流媒體服務(wù)(Disney+、Hulu和ESPN+)全球總訂戶數(shù)量“按目前估算,,到2024財(cái)年將達(dá)到3億至3.5億,。這超過(guò)了我們對(duì)Netflix全球2.95億訂戶的預(yù)估?!毕噍^之下,,其它的一眾流媒體服務(wù)還望塵莫及。
對(duì)于遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者來(lái)說(shuō),,未來(lái)行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)只會(huì)越發(fā)艱難,。內(nèi)桑森得出的結(jié)論是:“從內(nèi)容矩陣的龐大規(guī)模和質(zhì)量來(lái)看,Disney+對(duì)任何想要在影視娛樂領(lǐng)域占據(jù)一席之地的非同級(jí)別公司來(lái)說(shuō)都是驚世駭俗的,?!边@就是為什么迪士尼股價(jià)創(chuàng)下歷史記錄。
這一切都給那些抱怨投資者不讓追求遠(yuǎn)景戰(zhàn)略的首席執(zhí)行官和董事們提了個(gè)醒:也許問(wèn)題并不是出在投資者身上,,而是出在他們的戰(zhàn)略上,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:萬(wàn)志文
Don’t believe that investors are irrationally short-term-biased, unwilling to let companies make sound investments that may take years to pay off. For evidence, consider what happened when trading in Walt Disney stock opened on Friday morning.
Shares had closed at about $154 on Thursday afternoon. On Friday morning they rocketed to $174, an all-time high. Only one explanation was possible: After trading hours on Thursday, Disney announced plans for its Disney+, Hulu, and other streaming services. When Wall Street analysts crunched the numbers, they concluded that Disney’s profits for fiscal 2021 (which ends Sept. 30) would plunge as a result. For example, Michael Nathanson of the MoffettNathanson research firm calculated that profits would be 30% less than he had previously estimated. The streaming services would lose $700 million more than they were already estimated to lose. And investors loved it.
It isn’t really surprising. Overall, Disney’s presentation was breathtakingly positive. When the company launched its Disney+ streaming service in November 2019, it told Wall Street it expected to reach 60 million to 90 million subscribers by the end of 2024. Turns out that with a strong boost from the pandemic, the service now has 87 million subscribers. The company’s new forecast for Disney+ by the end of 2024: 230 million to 260 million subscribers worldwide, a result of continued U.S. growth and more aggressive global expansion.
The company didn’t just promise big numbers. It explained how it would reach them, detailing what Cowen analyst Doug Creutz called an “enormously impressive array of new content”—movies and series like the Star Wars–based Mandalorian series that has been a huge hit on Disney+. By 2024, Disney expects to be spending $14 billion to $16 billion a year on programming exclusive to its streaming services. That’s more than analysts were expecting, prompting them to cut forecasts of profit and free cash flow, a measure that many investors consider even more important than profit. Yet investors didn’t mind; they could see how all that investment is meant to pay off.
Investors tend to give Disney the benefit of any doubts because it has been managing for the long term for a long time and has built a record of credibility. Former CEO Bob Iger began assembling a content colossus in 2006, a year after he became chief, when he bought Pixar (Toy Story, Cars), followed by Marvel (Avengers, Spider-Man) in 2009, Lucasfilm (Star Wars) in 2012, and 21st Century Fox (Terminator, Bohemian Rhapsody) in 2019. He was accused of overpaying for all of them, but in retrospect they all look like bargains. So when Disney told Wall Street in 2019 that its streaming services would lose billions for years but would eventually become profitable after 2024, investors tended to believe it.
It doesn’t hurt that, though Iger handed the CEO job to longtime Disney executive Bob Chapek this past February, Iger remains executive chairman, which means he’s still the boss.
Only a year ago, the entertainment industry and the analysts that follow it were talking about the advent of “the streaming wars,” a melee among Amazon, Apple TV+, Disney+, HBO Max, Netflix, Peacock, and others. Now it looks more like a two-horse race, Netflix vs. Disney, with the others fighting for a distant third place or even for survival. Total worldwide subscribers to Disney streaming services (Disney+, Hulu, and ESPN+) “are now expected to hit 300–350 million…in fiscal year ’24,” Macquarie analyst Tim Nollen wrote. “This compares with our estimate for Netflix of 295 million global subs.” No other player would now seem able to approach those numbers.
Competing will only get harder for the also-rans. Nathanson’s conclusion: “The sheer size and quality of the content tsunami headed to Disney+ was mind-blowing and frightening to any sub-scale company thinking about competing in the scripted entertainment space.” That’s why the stock is at a new all-time high.
All of which is a reminder to CEOs and directors who complain that investors won’t let them pursue a visionary strategy: Maybe the problem isn’t the investors. Maybe it’s the strategy.