過去幾周對在美上市的三家中國新能源車企而言可謂是順風(fēng)順?biāo)?/p>
11月12日,,繼小鵬汽車發(fā)布其漲勢強(qiáng)勁的Q3財(cái)報(bào)后,該公司掛牌于納斯達(dá)克的股價(jià)一舉躍升33%,。此番變化也帶動(dòng)隔壁的理想汽車在11月13日發(fā)布財(cái)報(bào)的前一天,,提前實(shí)現(xiàn)了27%的漲幅。與此同時(shí),,蔚來汽車的股價(jià)也飆升了12%,。要知道在這三家車企中,只有蔚來的上市時(shí)間超過了一年,。
從1月初股價(jià)下跌至4美元算起,,蔚來股價(jià)今年已累計(jì)上漲1000%,市值在最高點(diǎn)一度逼近650億美元,,較通用汽車(General Motors)還高了100億美元,。
不過,與其說是美國投資者偏愛蔚來,,還不如說是他們在集體下注中國新能源市場,。目前中國政府已經(jīng)設(shè)下目標(biāo),要在2035年實(shí)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)汽車與傳統(tǒng)汽車之間的銷量對半化,。面對如此大的潛在市場,,國內(nèi)各類車企正試圖在這條賽道上“拔得頭籌”。
風(fēng)向轉(zhuǎn)變
自2018年9月在美上市以來,,蔚來在2019年期間的股價(jià)大多低于發(fā)行價(jià),。此番股市飛升,某種程度上也意味著投資者的心態(tài)發(fā)生了重大轉(zhuǎn)變,。
蔚來自身的商業(yè)模式調(diào)整以及銷量狀況改善是其一,,但背后更重要的原因其實(shí)是投資者的“廣撒網(wǎng)”心態(tài),他們期待通過廣泛投資,來抓住中國電動(dòng)車領(lǐng)域的下一位領(lǐng)跑者,。
“投資者們都在競相‘狩獵’,,這就讓整個(gè)市場產(chǎn)生了溢出效應(yīng)?!鄙虾M顿Y咨詢公司Automobility的創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官比爾?拉索在8月接受《財(cái)富》雜志采訪時(shí)說道,。彼時(shí)小鵬汽車剛剛在紐交所上市,而理想汽車也剛剛在納斯達(dá)克募資10億美元一月有余,。
拉索指出,,中國早前的電動(dòng)車市場往往局限于公交用車和出租車,但今年上半年特斯拉在中國市場的崛起,,大大增加了個(gè)人買家的數(shù)量,。特斯拉在成為中國最大的電動(dòng)汽車銷售商的同時(shí),也成了中國電動(dòng)車市場的一個(gè)“轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)”,??梢钥吹?,個(gè)人用戶的電動(dòng)車需求正在不斷攀升,。
兩年前,蔚來股價(jià)可謂“上市即下跌”,,2019年蔚來的股價(jià)較IPO之初已經(jīng)跌去80%,。相比之下,小鵬的確是趕上了一個(gè)好時(shí)代,,在特斯拉風(fēng)潮的強(qiáng)勁推動(dòng)下,,小鵬股價(jià)在上市首日即上漲了40%。
政策利好
蔚來上市之初,,美國投資者對中國的電動(dòng)車行業(yè)并不看好,。一方面,中國政府早前對新能源汽車的補(bǔ)貼政策將于2020年到期,;另一方面,,蔚來本身的財(cái)務(wù)狀況也很慘淡,在其提交招股書之時(shí),,該公司只發(fā)運(yùn)了500輛汽車,,手中還欠有5億美元負(fù)債。
其實(shí)直到今日,,蔚來仍未盈利,。去年,為解決手頭的現(xiàn)金流困境,,蔚來與一家國有企業(yè)簽了一筆10億美元的合資協(xié)議,,專門為其生產(chǎn)低端汽車。這次合作雖然幫助蔚來拿到了急需的資金,但也打破了蔚來長期以來以優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)為核心的商業(yè)模式,。
如今的最新政策調(diào)整總體上十分利好蔚來,。今年4月,中國政府決定將廉價(jià)乘用車的補(bǔ)貼計(jì)劃延長至2022年,。除此以外,,政府還將為正在研發(fā)生產(chǎn)電動(dòng)車電池的車企提供最大程度的資金支持,該政策讓蔚來這個(gè)“電池先驅(qū)”在定價(jià)上有了更大的靈活性,。
除了2035年的大目標(biāo)外,,中國還制定了一個(gè)2025年前的短期目標(biāo),希望在10年后,,包括電動(dòng),、插電式混合、氫動(dòng)力汽車在內(nèi)的各類新能源車型,,能夠占到中國汽車市場銷量的20%,。
中國政府規(guī)定,到2035年,,所有新車型必須是“環(huán)?!钡模瑢脮r(shí)新能源汽車與傳統(tǒng)混合動(dòng)力車也將實(shí)現(xiàn)對半化,。目前,,中國的新能源汽車只占市場上的5%。換言之,,這是一片巨大的藍(lán)海,,中國會(huì)在未來成為全球第一大電動(dòng)汽車市場。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
編譯:陳怡軒
過去幾周對在美上市的三家中國新能源車企而言可謂是順風(fēng)順?biāo)?/p>
11月12日,,繼小鵬汽車發(fā)布其漲勢強(qiáng)勁的Q3財(cái)報(bào)后,,該公司掛牌于納斯達(dá)克的股價(jià)一舉躍升33%。此番變化也帶動(dòng)隔壁的理想汽車在11月13日發(fā)布財(cái)報(bào)的前一天,,提前實(shí)現(xiàn)了27%的漲幅,。與此同時(shí),蔚來汽車的股價(jià)也飆升了12%,。要知道在這三家車企中,,只有蔚來的上市時(shí)間超過了一年。
從1月初股價(jià)下跌至4美元算起,,蔚來股價(jià)今年已累計(jì)上漲1000%,,市值在最高點(diǎn)一度逼近650億美元,較通用汽車(General Motors)還高了100億美元,。
不過,,與其說是美國投資者偏愛蔚來,,還不如說是他們在集體下注中國新能源市場。目前中國政府已經(jīng)設(shè)下目標(biāo),,要在2035年實(shí)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)汽車與傳統(tǒng)汽車之間的銷量對半化,。面對如此大的潛在市場,國內(nèi)各類車企正試圖在這條賽道上“拔得頭籌”,。
風(fēng)向轉(zhuǎn)變
自2018年9月在美上市以來,,蔚來在2019年期間的股價(jià)大多低于發(fā)行價(jià)。此番股市飛升,,某種程度上也意味著投資者的心態(tài)發(fā)生了重大轉(zhuǎn)變,。
蔚來自身的商業(yè)模式調(diào)整以及銷量狀況改善是其一,但背后更重要的原因其實(shí)是投資者的“廣撒網(wǎng)”心態(tài),,他們期待通過廣泛投資,,來抓住中國電動(dòng)車領(lǐng)域的下一位領(lǐng)跑者。
“投資者們都在競相‘狩獵’,,這就讓整個(gè)市場產(chǎn)生了溢出效應(yīng),。”上海投資咨詢公司Automobility的創(chuàng)始人及首席執(zhí)行官比爾?拉索在8月接受《財(cái)富》雜志采訪時(shí)說道,。彼時(shí)小鵬汽車剛剛在紐交所上市,,而理想汽車也剛剛在納斯達(dá)克募資10億美元一月有余。
拉索指出,,中國早前的電動(dòng)車市場往往局限于公交用車和出租車,,但今年上半年特斯拉在中國市場的崛起,,大大增加了個(gè)人買家的數(shù)量,。特斯拉在成為中國最大的電動(dòng)汽車銷售商的同時(shí),也成了中國電動(dòng)車市場的一個(gè)“轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)”,??梢钥吹剑瑐€(gè)人用戶的電動(dòng)車需求正在不斷攀升,。
兩年前,,蔚來股價(jià)可謂“上市即下跌”,2019年蔚來的股價(jià)較IPO之初已經(jīng)跌去80%,。相比之下,,小鵬的確是趕上了一個(gè)好時(shí)代,在特斯拉風(fēng)潮的強(qiáng)勁推動(dòng)下,,小鵬股價(jià)在上市首日即上漲了40%,。
政策利好
蔚來上市之初,美國投資者對中國的電動(dòng)車行業(yè)并不看好,。一方面,,中國政府早前對新能源汽車的補(bǔ)貼政策將于2020年到期,;另一方面,蔚來本身的財(cái)務(wù)狀況也很慘淡,,在其提交招股書之時(shí),,該公司只發(fā)運(yùn)了500輛汽車,手中還欠有5億美元負(fù)債,。
其實(shí)直到今日,,蔚來仍未盈利。去年,,為解決手頭的現(xiàn)金流困境,,蔚來與一家國有企業(yè)簽了一筆10億美元的合資協(xié)議,專門為其生產(chǎn)低端汽車,。這次合作雖然幫助蔚來拿到了急需的資金,,但也打破了蔚來長期以來以優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)為核心的商業(yè)模式。
如今的最新政策調(diào)整總體上十分利好蔚來,。今年4月,,中國政府決定將廉價(jià)乘用車的補(bǔ)貼計(jì)劃延長至2022年。除此以外,,政府還將為正在研發(fā)生產(chǎn)電動(dòng)車電池的車企提供最大程度的資金支持,,該政策讓蔚來這個(gè)“電池先驅(qū)”在定價(jià)上有了更大的靈活性。
除了2035年的大目標(biāo)外,,中國還制定了一個(gè)2025年前的短期目標(biāo),,希望在10年后,包括電動(dòng),、插電式混合,、氫動(dòng)力汽車在內(nèi)的各類新能源車型,能夠占到中國汽車市場銷量的20%,。
中國政府規(guī)定,,到2035年,所有新車型必須是“環(huán)?!钡?,屆時(shí)新能源汽車與傳統(tǒng)混合動(dòng)力車也將實(shí)現(xiàn)對半化。目前,,中國的新能源汽車只占市場上的5%,。換言之,這是一片巨大的藍(lán)海,,中國會(huì)在未來成為全球第一大電動(dòng)汽車市場,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
編譯:陳怡軒
Chinese electric vehicle makers are on a tear.
On November 12, after reporting a strong third quarter, the New York–listed shares of Guangzhou-based Xpeng jumped 33%. Nasdaq-listed Li Auto’s share price leaped 27% the same day, ahead of its own earnings report on November 13. Meanwhile, NYSE-listed Nio—the only one of the three carmakers with more than a year’s trading history—surged 12%.
That 12% jump is the latest in a yearlong rally that has boosted Nio’s share over 1,000% since January, when its shares traded at below $4. With a market cap now over $65 billion, loss-making Nio is close to $10 billion more valuable than U.S. auto industry stalwart General Motors.
But it’s likely that investors are just hedging their bets on any Chinese automaker rather than backing Nio specifically. Beijing has set a target for EV sales to account for half the market in 2035, and China’s domestic manufacturers are all seeking to lead the pack.
U-turn
Nio’s soaring stock marks a significant change in investor appetite for the six-year-old automaker. Since going public in September 2018, the company had mostly traded below its debut price, and in 2019 it received what amounted to a $1 billion government bailout.
The company has made some changes to its business model that appear to have improved sales, but Nio’s runaway stock gains are more indicative of a broader trend, with U.S. investors casting a wide net to catch the next leader in electric vehicles.
“There is a spillover of investors searching for the next big thing,” Bill Russo, founder and CEO of Shanghai-based investment advisory Automobility, told Fortune in August, shortly after Nio rival Xpeng went public in New York and barely a month after another competitor Li Auto raised over $1 billion through its Nasdaq listing.
In the first half of the year, Tesla had emerged as China’s No. 1 EV seller, signifying a “turning point” in the market, Russo said. Prior to that, industrial or fleet buyers, such as public transport and taxi firms, were responsible for most of China’s EV sales. Tesla’s rise indicated an advancing market for consumer EVs.
Buoyed by Tesla’s strong performance, Xpeng’s shares rallied 40% on their first day of trading. Compare that with Nio’s debut in 2018, when shares fell immediately and were trading at 80% below their IPO value 12 months later.
Gear change
Investor confidence in China’s EV industry seemed to be flagging when Nio debuted two years ago. Government EV subsidies that had enabled EV startups like Nio to enter the market by bolstering demand were set to expire just two years later in 2020. Nio’s financials were bleak, too. At the time it filed its prospectus, the Shanghai-based company had only shipped 500 units and was $500 million in debt.
The automaker still isn’t profitable. Last year, as Nio’s cash flow entered dire straits, it signed a $1 billion joint venture agreement with a state-owned enterprise to produce down-market cars. The partnership provided Nio with a much-needed cash injection but broke the company’s premium-focused business model.
Recent changes to Beijing’s subsidy scheme might further benefit Nio. In April, Beijing decided to extend its subsidy program until 2022 for cheaper passenger vehicles, and the government said it would provide subsidy support for EV firms that manufacture cars with swappable batteries, regardless of price. That policy gives Nio, which is pioneering battery-swapping services, greater flexibility on how it prices its models.
The subsidy extension comes as Beijing sets a target for new energy vehicles (NEVs)—meaning electric, plug-in hybrids, and hydrogen-powered cars—to account for 20% of China’s auto sales by 2025.
By 2035, all new auto sales have to be “eco-friendly,” Beijing decreed, with 50% being NEVs and the remaining half filled by regular hybrids. NEVs currently occupy around 5% of China’s market, which still makes China the world's No. 1 market for electric vehicles.