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沃爾瑪黑色周五大罷工的利益博弈

沃爾瑪黑色周五大罷工的利益博弈

Elizabeth G. Olson 2012年11月26日
感恩節(jié)已經(jīng)成為商家必爭(zhēng)的一個(gè)重要購(gòu)物季,然而,,沃爾瑪?shù)膯T工卻因?yàn)閷?duì)工資不滿,,同時(shí)也因?yàn)橄M芘c家人共度佳節(jié),集體抵制節(jié)日加班,。剛剛過去這個(gè)感恩節(jié),,沃爾瑪?shù)膭谫Y雙方過得都不痛快!
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????今天,,吃完感恩節(jié)大餐之后,,數(shù)千名沃爾瑪(Wal-Mart )員工不會(huì)走親訪友,看球賽,,甚至連刷碗的時(shí)間都沒有,,因?yàn)樗麄円s著去工作,迎接想買便宜貨的顧客們,。

????但今年與以往不同,,這家零售業(yè)巨頭的部分員工卻拒絕以這樣的方式過節(jié)。葉塞尼亞·亞伯爾便是其中的一位,。她是芝加哥沃爾瑪?shù)囊幻浙y員,,她說(shuō),雖然自己需要這份工作來(lái)?yè)狃B(yǎng)五個(gè)未成年的孩子,,但她已經(jīng)跟老板說(shuō)過,,自己不能在感恩節(jié)上班。

????從黑色星期五開始,,美國(guó)就開始進(jìn)入節(jié)日購(gòu)物季,。過去兩年里,每到黑色星期五,,亞伯爾一大早就要開始在超市的工作,。而今年,她說(shuō)自己被安排輪班,,為晚上8點(diǎn)開始的感恩節(jié)特購(gòu)會(huì)做準(zhǔn)備,。對(duì)于她來(lái)說(shuō),它不僅關(guān)系到能不能和孩子們一起共進(jìn)節(jié)日大餐,,同時(shí)也是一個(gè)實(shí)際的問題,。

????她說(shuō):“我不能加班。因?yàn)槲覌寢屧趲臀規(guī)Ш⒆?。其中有兩個(gè)孩子需要特殊護(hù)理,。我媽媽肯定不能熬一整個(gè)晚上?!?/p>

????而沃爾瑪也有很實(shí)際的理由,。開門大搶購(gòu)絕對(duì)是一場(chǎng)商業(yè)盛宴。去年,,僅僅四天的感恩節(jié)購(gòu)物周末,,沃爾瑪?shù)匿N售額就達(dá)到了524億美元,,比前一年上漲了16%。搶購(gòu)大幅打折的平板電視或平板電腦不僅是和其他同樣精打細(xì)算的購(gòu)物者們血拼,,同時(shí)也是一個(gè)象征,,可以在別人面前顯擺自己抄底價(jià)購(gòu)物的能力。

????本月早些時(shí)候,,沃爾瑪及其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手塔吉特(Target)和西爾斯百貨(Sears)等,,都宣布特賣會(huì)將從周四晚開始,而不是周五的凌晨,。

????沃爾瑪通常會(huì)在感恩節(jié)正常營(yíng)業(yè),。以前,員工可自行選擇在這一天上班,,賺些節(jié)日加班費(fèi),,如今卻成為沖突的源頭。今年感恩節(jié),,顧客們并不是來(lái)這里隨便買些東西,,而是要成群結(jié)隊(duì)地到沃爾瑪大采購(gòu)。為了應(yīng)對(duì)可能大批涌入的急切的購(gòu)物者,,各大超市不得不增員,保證各個(gè)崗位的人員齊備,。

????感恩節(jié)是一個(gè)跨越了宗教,、收入、種族和其他界限的節(jié)日,,各大商家正在一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)蠶食購(gòu)物季市場(chǎng),,沃爾瑪員工們對(duì)公司的對(duì)抗行為卻變得越來(lái)越明顯,盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)仍充滿了不確定性,。

????Thousands of Wal-Mart employees won't be pushing away from the Thanksgiving meal today to visit with family, watch football, or even clean the dishes. Instead, they'll be heading to work to welcome bargain-hunting shoppers.

????But some of the retail giant's employees are opting out this year. One of those is Yesenia Yaber, a cashier at a Chicago Walmart (WMT) store, who says she really needs her job to support her five young children, says she's told her bosses that she can't work on Thanksgiving.

????For the past two years, Yaber, who has protested working conditions as part of the union-backed group OUR Walmart, has worked in the early morning for the store's Black Friday sales, the kickoff of the holiday shopping season. This year, she says she was assigned to a shift to prepare for the store's 8 p.m. Thanksgiving Day opening. For her, it's not only about being with her children for the holiday meal, it's also a practical matter.

????"I can't work overnight," she says. "My mom babysits the kids. Two of my kids are special needs. She can't stay up all night."

????For Wal-Mart, it's also a matter OF practicality, though. The door-buster sale is a commercial juggernaut. Last year, stores racked up $52.4 billion in sales over the four-day Thanksgiving shopping weekend, up 16% over the previous year. Nabbing that heavily discounted flat screen TV or tablet isn't just about jostling with fellow budget-minded shoppers; it is a badge of bargain-hunting prowess.

????Earlier this month, Wal-Mart and its competitors, including Target (TGT) and Sears (SHLD), announced that bargain specials would start Thursday evening instead of the pre-dawn hours of Friday.

????Walmart stores are typically open on Thanksgiving Day, but what was once an optional way for workers to make some holiday overtime cash has now become a source of confrontation. This year, customers will not just be coming in for miscellaneous purchases but are expected to be arriving in droves for serious shopping. To cope with the expected surge of eager shoppers, stores have to be staffed up with a full cadre of employees.

????As commerce nibbles away at the one holiday that cuts across religious, income, ethnic, and other American divides, Wal-Mart workers are becoming bolder about saying no, even in this uncertain economy.

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