承受世界(和職場(chǎng))給我們帶來(lái)的壓力,,感覺(jué)就像是第二份全職工作,。應(yīng)對(duì)方法或者管理壓力和其他不良情緒的策略,,能幫助我們戰(zhàn)勝倦怠,重新掌控我們的日常生活,。社會(huì)工作者,、作家和心理健康教育家米納·B.認(rèn)為,現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的每一位上班族應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的工具箱里,,都需要有兩種應(yīng)對(duì)方法,。
你可能每天已經(jīng)在使用這些應(yīng)對(duì)策略,只是你或許并沒(méi)有意識(shí)到而已,。當(dāng)感覺(jué)待辦事項(xiàng)清單令你不堪重負(fù)時(shí),,你可能選擇健走,或者在與上司進(jìn)行了一次壓力巨大的對(duì)話后,,你可能會(huì)修習(xí)正念,。但米納表示,了解自己應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的原因和方式,,可以幫助我們?cè)诟杏X(jué)不堪重負(fù)甚至倦怠時(shí),,照顧好自己。
她說(shuō)道:“有兩種應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的方法對(duì)我們保證心理健康的質(zhì)量至關(guān)重要,,它們分別是問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)和情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì),。”
問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)與情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)
當(dāng)你在決定選擇哪一種應(yīng)對(duì)策略時(shí),,首先要問(wèn)自己一個(gè)問(wèn)題:導(dǎo)致壓力的因素是否在我的控制范圍以內(nèi),?米納說(shuō)道:“如果我們承認(rèn)存在問(wèn)題,并動(dòng)用自我效能找到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決方案,,這就是問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì),。”換言之,,當(dāng)你有能力改變或至少減緩問(wèn)題時(shí),就需要問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)策略,。
例如,,如果你意識(shí)到每天的會(huì)議時(shí)間,讓你產(chǎn)生了倦怠感,,你可以在星期二和星期四給自己留出時(shí)間,,避開(kāi)任何人的打擾。你或許發(fā)現(xiàn)社交互動(dòng)能夠增強(qiáng)你應(yīng)對(duì)壓力狀況的能力,,那么問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)策略就可以是抓住更多機(jī)會(huì)與同事互動(dòng),。
當(dāng)壓力因素超出你的控制時(shí),,就需要采用情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)。你的老板可能給你設(shè)定了無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的截止期限,,或者給你安排了不屬于你職責(zé)范圍的任務(wù),。米納說(shuō)道:“當(dāng)我們承認(rèn)自己面對(duì)無(wú)法改變的壁壘、阻礙或逆境時(shí),,就需要情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì),。全然接納自我的心態(tài),讓我們可以采用情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)策略,,我們可以問(wèn)自己:我們對(duì)于眼前的阻礙有什么感受,?”
在回答了這個(gè)問(wèn)題之后,你可以采用自我安慰技巧,,幫助自己承受這個(gè)任務(wù)所帶來(lái)的壓力,。米納說(shuō)道:“或許我需要采用呼吸法,或許我需要冥想,,或許我需要把自己的想法寫(xiě)到日記里,,或許我可以在下一次心理咨詢時(shí)談?wù)勥@個(gè)話題?!蹦愕淖晕野参考记煽赡苁峭耆?dú)一無(wú)二的,,因此,你要花一些時(shí)間思考哪些行為能讓你在緊張的,、令人傷腦筋的時(shí)刻感覺(jué)良好,。
共同調(diào)節(jié)或者依賴(lài)其他人來(lái)緩解壓力,也屬于情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)策略,。米納表示,,在完成一項(xiàng)看起來(lái)不可能完成的任務(wù)期間或之后,向家人或好友傾訴自己的不滿,,可能是一種強(qiáng)大的緩解壓力的工具,。
所以,“能跟你聊聊嗎,?我需要情緒發(fā)泄,!”這樣一條短信并不簡(jiǎn)單,而是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的工具,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
承受世界(和職場(chǎng))給我們帶來(lái)的壓力,,感覺(jué)就像是第二份全職工作。應(yīng)對(duì)方法或者管理壓力和其他不良情緒的策略,,能幫助我們戰(zhàn)勝倦怠,,重新掌控我們的日常生活。社會(huì)工作者,、作家和心理健康教育家米納·B.認(rèn)為,,現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的每一位上班族應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的工具箱里,,都需要有兩種應(yīng)對(duì)方法。
你可能每天已經(jīng)在使用這些應(yīng)對(duì)策略,,只是你或許并沒(méi)有意識(shí)到而已,。當(dāng)感覺(jué)待辦事項(xiàng)清單令你不堪重負(fù)時(shí),你可能選擇健走,,或者在與上司進(jìn)行了一次壓力巨大的對(duì)話后,,你可能會(huì)修習(xí)正念。但米納表示,,了解自己應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的原因和方式,,可以幫助我們?cè)诟杏X(jué)不堪重負(fù)甚至倦怠時(shí),照顧好自己,。
她說(shuō)道:“有兩種應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的方法對(duì)我們保證心理健康的質(zhì)量至關(guān)重要,,它們分別是問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)和情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)?!?/p>
問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)與情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)
當(dāng)你在決定選擇哪一種應(yīng)對(duì)策略時(shí),,首先要問(wèn)自己一個(gè)問(wèn)題:導(dǎo)致壓力的因素是否在我的控制范圍以內(nèi)?米納說(shuō)道:“如果我們承認(rèn)存在問(wèn)題,,并動(dòng)用自我效能找到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決方案,,這就是問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)?!睋Q言之,,當(dāng)你有能力改變或至少減緩問(wèn)題時(shí),就需要問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)策略,。
例如,,如果你意識(shí)到每天的會(huì)議時(shí)間,讓你產(chǎn)生了倦怠感,,你可以在星期二和星期四給自己留出時(shí)間,,避開(kāi)任何人的打擾。你或許發(fā)現(xiàn)社交互動(dòng)能夠增強(qiáng)你應(yīng)對(duì)壓力狀況的能力,,那么問(wèn)題解決導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)策略就可以是抓住更多機(jī)會(huì)與同事互動(dòng),。
當(dāng)壓力因素超出你的控制時(shí),就需要采用情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì),。你的老板可能給你設(shè)定了無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的截止期限,,或者給你安排了不屬于你職責(zé)范圍的任務(wù)。米納說(shuō)道:“當(dāng)我們承認(rèn)自己面對(duì)無(wú)法改變的壁壘,、阻礙或逆境時(shí),就需要情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì),。全然接納自我的心態(tài),,讓我們可以采用情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)策略,,我們可以問(wèn)自己:我們對(duì)于眼前的阻礙有什么感受?”
在回答了這個(gè)問(wèn)題之后,,你可以采用自我安慰技巧,,幫助自己承受這個(gè)任務(wù)所帶來(lái)的壓力。米納說(shuō)道:“或許我需要采用呼吸法,,或許我需要冥想,,或許我需要把自己的想法寫(xiě)到日記里,或許我可以在下一次心理咨詢時(shí)談?wù)勥@個(gè)話題,?!蹦愕淖晕野参考记煽赡苁峭耆?dú)一無(wú)二的,因此,,你要花一些時(shí)間思考哪些行為能讓你在緊張的,、令人傷腦筋的時(shí)刻感覺(jué)良好。
共同調(diào)節(jié)或者依賴(lài)其他人來(lái)緩解壓力,,也屬于情緒導(dǎo)向應(yīng)對(duì)策略,。米納表示,在完成一項(xiàng)看起來(lái)不可能完成的任務(wù)期間或之后,,向家人或好友傾訴自己的不滿,,可能是一種強(qiáng)大的緩解壓力的工具。
所以,,“能跟你聊聊嗎,?我需要情緒發(fā)泄!”這樣一條短信并不簡(jiǎn)單,,而是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的工具,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
Bearing the weight of what the world (and workplace) throws at us can feel like a second full-time job. Coping mechanisms, or strategies for managing stress and other prickly emotions, help us fight burnout and regain power in our daily lives. And according to Minaa B.—social worker, author, and mental health educator—every modern-day worker needs two types of coping mechanisms in their stress-beating toolkits.
Whether you know it or not, you’re probably already putting coping strategies to work each day. Perhaps you go for a brisk walk when your to-do list feels overwhelming or practice mindfulness after a stressful conversation with your manager. But Minaa says that being aware of why and how you’re coping can help us take the best care of ourselves when overwhelm—and even burnout—strikes.
“There are two coping methods that are essential for the quality of our mental health, which is problem-solving coping as well as emotion-focused coping,” she says.
Problem-solving coping vs. emotion-focused coping
When you’re deciding what type of coping strategy to choose, the first question you should ask yourself is: Is the stressor within or beyond my control? “Problem-solving coping is when we recognize that there is a problem, and we engage in self-efficacy to find a solution to that problem,” says Minaa. In other words, problem-solving coping is necessary when you have the power to change—or at least mitigate—the issue.
For example, if you realize that hours of meetings each day are resulting in feelings of burnout, you may block off your calendar on Tuesdays and Thursdays so that no one can reach you. Alternatively, if you find that social interaction increases your bandwidth for stressful situations, problem-solving coping could look like taking more opportunities to connect with your co-workers.
Emotion-focused coping comes into play when the stressor is beyond your control. Maybe your boss has given you an impossible deadline or delegated something to you that’s not part of your job description. “Emotion focus coping happens when we recognize there is a barrier, obstacle, or adversity before us that we really can’t change,” says Minaa. “Radical acceptance allows us to engage in emotion-focused coping where we ask ourselves, How does this obstacle, this thing in front of me, make me feel?”
Once you answer this question, you can engage in self-soothing techniques that help you carry the weight of this task. “Maybe I need to engage in breathwork. Maybe I need to meditate. Maybe I need to write my thoughts down in a journal. Maybe this is the topic I want to talk about in my next therapy session,” says Minaa. Your self-soothing technique will be entirely unique, so spend some time thinking about what makes you feel better in tense, nerve-wracking moments.
Co-regulation, or relying on someone else to ease a stressful moment, also falls under the emotion-focused coping category. Minaa says that spilling your frustrations to a family member or a friend can be a powerful tool for diffusing stress during or after a seemingly impossible task is complete.
So that text that reads, “Can you talk for a second? Need to vent!” is not trivial; it’s a powerful coping tool.