
如今,,公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)環(huán)境正在發(fā)生變化。員工維權(quán)意識(shí),、日益提高的媒體透明度,、全球政局變化以及新冠疫情、更加嚴(yán)重的不平等和氣候變化等全球問題……這些重要的因素促使越來越多的公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者承認(rèn),,只關(guān)注利潤(rùn)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠,。公司使命,已經(jīng)成為公司取得非凡成功必不可少的秘訣,。
但領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者如何賦予公司使命感,?如何區(qū)別真正的使命與“用使命裝點(diǎn)門面”,即把使命作為公關(guān)伎倆,,而不是在文化和運(yùn)營(yíng)方面做出根本改變,?
為了回答這些問題,《財(cái)富》和麥肯錫公司在過去6個(gè)月里,,邀請(qǐng)全球一流公司的45位首席執(zhí)行官參加了四次虛擬工作會(huì)議,。我們的目標(biāo)是總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),幫助人們接納一種管理模式,,這種模式能夠?yàn)楣竞腿鐣?huì)帶來更好的回報(bào),。
我們的交流包括七個(gè)主題,總結(jié)如下:
從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,,利潤(rùn)與使命無需權(quán)衡
參加會(huì)議的首席執(zhí)行官們個(gè)人都熱衷于創(chuàng)造積極的社會(huì)影響和服務(wù)所有利益相關(guān)者,,并且他們都認(rèn)同從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,這種做法同樣對(duì)股東有利,。
正如IBM的首席執(zhí)行官阿爾溫德?克里希納所說:“使命與利潤(rùn)是相輔相成,,不可分割的?!?/p>
PayPal的首席執(zhí)行官丹?舒爾曼更進(jìn)一步解釋說:“我認(rèn)為,,一家公司如果沒有使命,它在業(yè)績(jī)方面的成功也會(huì)大打折扣,?!边^去一年,,PayPal降低了員工福利的成本,提高了工資,,向員工發(fā)放股票并增加理財(cái)教育,,以降低一線員工在經(jīng)濟(jì)上的脆弱性。這些舉措改善了公司的人員流失和曠工情況,。
當(dāng)然,,從短期來看,公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者仍然需要在追逐利潤(rùn)和堅(jiān)持使命之間做出權(quán)衡,。
麥肯錫的研究顯示,61%的高管和董事表示會(huì)減少對(duì)正凈現(xiàn)值項(xiàng)目的任意支出,,包括對(duì)員工和其他利益相關(guān)者的投資,,以避免收益“不及預(yù)期”。但有使命感的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者會(huì)考慮更多利益相關(guān)者的利益,,他們的眼光更長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),,并且會(huì)創(chuàng)造更多價(jià)值。從長(zhǎng)期來看,,股東利益和利益相關(guān)者利益會(huì)趨于一致,。
輝瑞(Pfizer)的首席執(zhí)行官艾伯樂表示:“只要你忠于公司的使命,并且公司所有人都明確公司的使命,,公司就有一個(gè)非常清晰的方向,,使命如同指南針一般,會(huì)指引你前進(jìn),。使命會(huì)讓公司上下團(tuán)結(jié)一致,,形成凝聚力,從而帶來業(yè)績(jī)上漲,?!崩罹S斯(Levi Strauss)的首席執(zhí)行官奇普?伯格解釋說:“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,朝著對(duì)的方向做對(duì)的事情,,會(huì)給股東帶來回報(bào),。”
公司的使命從關(guān)愛員工開始
在當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下,,人力資本能推動(dòng)公司價(jià)值,,因此以員工為本的管理模式變得至關(guān)重要。
怡安集團(tuán)(Aon PLC)和波耐蒙研究所(Ponemon Institute)的研究顯示,,四十年前,,硬資產(chǎn)占公司價(jià)值的80%,而今天,,商譽(yù),、品牌資產(chǎn),、專利和研發(fā)等無形資產(chǎn)或“軟資產(chǎn)”占公司價(jià)值的85%。新冠疫情進(jìn)一步提高了員工作為價(jià)值來源的重要性,。
百思買的首席執(zhí)行官科里?巴里談到了公司的轉(zhuǎn)型,,主要包括增加員工折扣、提供培訓(xùn)和邀請(qǐng)一線員工廣泛參與等舉措,。他表示:“公司踐行使命要從支持內(nèi)部團(tuán)隊(duì)和一線員工開始,。員工會(huì)反過來支持我們的客戶,這有利于業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展,?!?/p>
麥肯錫最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與沒有明確使命或者集體使命與個(gè)人使命不一致的公司的員工相比,,有“使命感”的一線員工,,其積極性是前者的四倍,繼續(xù)留在工作崗位上的可能性是前者的兩倍,。
XPO物流公司(XPO Logistics)的首席執(zhí)行官布拉德?雅各布斯向我們介紹,,疫情“給我們的司機(jī)、倉庫員工,、交叉轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)工作人員賦予了使命感……他們突然發(fā)現(xiàn),,將廁紙、Purell洗手液和藥品送到人們手中,,是他們的重要使命,。這是我們的員工滿意度上升5%的主要原因?!?/p>
使命驅(qū)動(dòng)創(chuàng)新
所有的首席執(zhí)行官都充分證明,,使命感能夠釋放創(chuàng)造力和促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新。
蓋洛普(Gallup)最近的調(diào)查顯示,,北美和歐洲70%的勞動(dòng)者“參與積極性不高”,,這意味著他們上班的時(shí)候或許能做到律己、嚴(yán)格和服從,,但卻不會(huì)帶來創(chuàng)造力,、協(xié)作和主動(dòng)性。
強(qiáng)生(Johnson & Johnson)的首席執(zhí)行官亞歷克斯?格爾斯基說:“作為公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,,我們始終需要想方設(shè)法,,把我們所做的事情與更偉大的使命從根本上聯(lián)系起來。我認(rèn)為,,使命可以釋放員工的活力,、雄心和欲望,而且坦白說,,還會(huì)提高員工的自豪感和成就感……使命的影響以及它給我們的組織帶來的力量,,是不容低估的,。”
霍尼韋爾(Honeywell)的首席執(zhí)行官杜瑞澤表示,,當(dāng)公司決定生產(chǎn)口罩用于防疫時(shí),,他“從未見過員工表現(xiàn)地如此興奮和自豪。我認(rèn)為它在公司帶來了變革性的影響,?!?/p>
公司的使命必須是真實(shí)的,并融入到公司的基因當(dāng)中
在社交媒體帶來信息透明的時(shí)代,,如果公司言行不一,,很快就會(huì)被員工和其他人拆穿。我們見到了許多公司因?yàn)楸粏T工在社交媒體上“舉報(bào)”,,導(dǎo)致信譽(yù)嚴(yán)重受損,。
耐克(Nike)的首席執(zhí)行官約翰?多納霍說:“重要的是要闡述公司希望在內(nèi)部宣傳的價(jià)值觀,[并且解釋]為什么這是公司業(yè)務(wù)的核心,。耐克始終致力于爭(zhēng)取種族和社會(huì)正義。這是公司的核心使命和宗旨,。喬治?弗洛伊德事件發(fā)生后,,我們發(fā)布了“請(qǐng)不要這樣做”(Don't Do It)宣傳視頻,并投入1.4億美元用于維護(hù)種族和社會(huì)正義,?!?/p>
漢瑞祥(Henry Schein)的首席執(zhí)行官斯坦?伯格曼表示:“社交媒體正在檢驗(yàn)我們是否真實(shí)可信……我認(rèn)為這很好?!?/p>
“證據(jù)”有助于公司樹立信譽(yù)
在懷疑主義時(shí)代,,公司只是陳述自己的使命是不夠的。你必須經(jīng)常并且持續(xù)證明你在踐行公司的使命,。
杜克能源(Duke Energy)的首席執(zhí)行官林恩?古德認(rèn)為:“[你需要]用真實(shí)的證據(jù)來證明公司的使命,。如果我說員工的安全很重要,我必須用明確的安全協(xié)議作為證明,。如果我說氣候很重要,,我會(huì)通過投資項(xiàng)目支持自己的氣候計(jì)劃,證明我們正在進(jìn)步,?!?/p>
另外一種證明的辦法是把高管的薪酬與公司使命的落實(shí)情況掛鉤。達(dá)能(Danone)的首席執(zhí)行官范易謀就執(zhí)行了這種策略,。達(dá)能將高管薪酬與公司在健康,、地球環(huán)境、員工和包容性增長(zhǎng)方面的貢獻(xiàn)以及公司給股東帶來的財(cái)務(wù)回報(bào)等指標(biāo)掛鉤,。
決定停止之前的行為,,也是建立必要信譽(yù)的有力舉措,,比如CVS決定停止銷售煙草,或迪克體育用品公司(Dick's Sporting Goods)決定限制銷售槍支,,或者IBM決定停止銷售面部識(shí)別軟件等,。
對(duì)使命的堅(jiān)定承諾能夠幫助你在艱難時(shí)期做出決策
許多首席執(zhí)行官提到,尤其是在動(dòng)蕩時(shí)期,,使命非常寶貴,。
英特爾(Intel)的首席執(zhí)行官羅伯特?斯萬說:“當(dāng)遇到大麻煩的時(shí)候,比如新冠疫情或社會(huì)不公,,我們會(huì)遵循公司的使命決定如何應(yīng)對(duì),。”Ulta Beauty公司的瑪麗?迪倫表示:“你不能認(rèn)為使命感是理所當(dāng)然的,,更不能理所當(dāng)然地信任銀行,,這樣當(dāng)你真正需要員工的時(shí)候,他們會(huì)愿意站出來,,做更多努力,。”
千禧一代和Z世代正在推動(dòng)變革
使命能提高所有人的績(jī)效,,但年輕人能從使命感中獲得最大的鼓舞,。
奧美(Ogilvy)的首席執(zhí)行官蘇騰峰說:“在我的職業(yè)生涯當(dāng)中,我從未見過任何一代人,,能夠產(chǎn)生與千禧一代和Z世代一樣的影響力,,推動(dòng)這種轉(zhuǎn)變?!?/p>
恒達(dá)理財(cái)(Edward Jones)的主理合伙人佩尼?彭寧頓表示:“千禧一代被他們的‘使命’驅(qū)動(dòng),,現(xiàn)在他們也要求公司要有使命感?!?/p>
年青一代不僅在職場(chǎng)中表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn),,他們也在以消費(fèi)者的身份表達(dá)使命的重要性。現(xiàn)在有約70%的消費(fèi)者聲稱,,會(huì)根據(jù)生產(chǎn)商或銷售商的社會(huì)立場(chǎng),,購(gòu)買或抵制公司的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù),由此可見年青一代日益壯大的影響力,。而且年輕人不止支持社會(huì)事業(yè),,他們還在積極參與解決我們面臨的根本問題。
因此,,參與會(huì)議的首席執(zhí)行官們都同意,,真心堅(jiān)持對(duì)使命的承諾,能夠推動(dòng)公司的業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展,。達(dá)能的首席執(zhí)行官范易謀表示,,無論公司是否愿意,,改變終將到來。他說,,全社會(huì)都在要求公司做得更多,。“改變已經(jīng)發(fā)生,,而且會(huì)持續(xù)下去,。我們要么順勢(shì)而為,要么選擇抗拒,。顯然,,我們現(xiàn)在必須做出決定?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
本文作者穆瑞瀾(Alan Murray)現(xiàn)任財(cái)富傳媒公司首席執(zhí)行官,。布魯斯?辛普森是麥肯錫公司高級(jí)合伙人,也是ESG/使命項(xiàng)目的負(fù)責(zé)人,。
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
如今,,公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)環(huán)境正在發(fā)生變化。員工維權(quán)意識(shí),、日益提高的媒體透明度,、全球政局變化以及新冠疫情、更加嚴(yán)重的不平等和氣候變化等全球問題……這些重要的因素促使越來越多的公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者承認(rèn),,只關(guān)注利潤(rùn)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。公司使命,,已經(jīng)成為公司取得非凡成功必不可少的秘訣,。
但領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者如何賦予公司使命感?如何區(qū)別真正的使命與“用使命裝點(diǎn)門面”,,即把使命作為公關(guān)伎倆,,而不是在文化和運(yùn)營(yíng)方面做出根本改變?
為了回答這些問題,,《財(cái)富》和麥肯錫公司在過去6個(gè)月里,,邀請(qǐng)全球一流公司的45位首席執(zhí)行官參加了四次虛擬工作會(huì)議。我們的目標(biāo)是總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),,幫助人們接納一種管理模式,,這種模式能夠?yàn)楣竞腿鐣?huì)帶來更好的回報(bào)。
我們的交流包括七個(gè)主題,,總結(jié)如下:
從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,,利潤(rùn)與使命無需權(quán)衡
參加會(huì)議的首席執(zhí)行官們個(gè)人都熱衷于創(chuàng)造積極的社會(huì)影響和服務(wù)所有利益相關(guān)者,并且他們都認(rèn)同從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,,這種做法同樣對(duì)股東有利,。
正如IBM的首席執(zhí)行官阿爾溫德?克里希納所說:“使命與利潤(rùn)是相輔相成,,不可分割的?!?/p>
PayPal的首席執(zhí)行官丹?舒爾曼更進(jìn)一步解釋說:“我認(rèn)為,,一家公司如果沒有使命,它在業(yè)績(jī)方面的成功也會(huì)大打折扣,?!边^去一年,PayPal降低了員工福利的成本,,提高了工資,,向員工發(fā)放股票并增加理財(cái)教育,以降低一線員工在經(jīng)濟(jì)上的脆弱性,。這些舉措改善了公司的人員流失和曠工情況,。
當(dāng)然,從短期來看,,公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者仍然需要在追逐利潤(rùn)和堅(jiān)持使命之間做出權(quán)衡,。
麥肯錫的研究顯示,61%的高管和董事表示會(huì)減少對(duì)正凈現(xiàn)值項(xiàng)目的任意支出,,包括對(duì)員工和其他利益相關(guān)者的投資,,以避免收益“不及預(yù)期”。但有使命感的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者會(huì)考慮更多利益相關(guān)者的利益,,他們的眼光更長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),,并且會(huì)創(chuàng)造更多價(jià)值。從長(zhǎng)期來看,,股東利益和利益相關(guān)者利益會(huì)趨于一致,。
輝瑞(Pfizer)的首席執(zhí)行官艾伯樂表示:“只要你忠于公司的使命,并且公司所有人都明確公司的使命,,公司就有一個(gè)非常清晰的方向,,使命如同指南針一般,會(huì)指引你前進(jìn),。使命會(huì)讓公司上下團(tuán)結(jié)一致,,形成凝聚力,從而帶來業(yè)績(jī)上漲,?!崩罹S斯(Levi Strauss)的首席執(zhí)行官奇普?伯格解釋說:“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,朝著對(duì)的方向做對(duì)的事情,,會(huì)給股東帶來回報(bào),。”
公司的使命從關(guān)愛員工開始
在當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下,人力資本能推動(dòng)公司價(jià)值,,因此以員工為本的管理模式變得至關(guān)重要,。
怡安集團(tuán)(Aon PLC)和波耐蒙研究所(Ponemon Institute)的研究顯示,四十年前,,硬資產(chǎn)占公司價(jià)值的80%,,而今天,商譽(yù),、品牌資產(chǎn),、專利和研發(fā)等無形資產(chǎn)或“軟資產(chǎn)”占公司價(jià)值的85%。新冠疫情進(jìn)一步提高了員工作為價(jià)值來源的重要性,。
百思買的首席執(zhí)行官科里?巴里談到了公司的轉(zhuǎn)型,,主要包括增加員工折扣、提供培訓(xùn)和邀請(qǐng)一線員工廣泛參與等舉措,。他表示:“公司踐行使命要從支持內(nèi)部團(tuán)隊(duì)和一線員工開始,。員工會(huì)反過來支持我們的客戶,這有利于業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展,?!?/p>
麥肯錫最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與沒有明確使命或者集體使命與個(gè)人使命不一致的公司的員工相比,,有“使命感”的一線員工,,其積極性是前者的四倍,繼續(xù)留在工作崗位上的可能性是前者的兩倍,。
XPO物流公司(XPO Logistics)的首席執(zhí)行官布拉德?雅各布斯向我們介紹,,疫情“給我們的司機(jī)、倉庫員工,、交叉轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)工作人員賦予了使命感……他們突然發(fā)現(xiàn),,將廁紙、Purell洗手液和藥品送到人們手中,,是他們的重要使命。這是我們的員工滿意度上升5%的主要原因,?!?/p>
使命驅(qū)動(dòng)創(chuàng)新
所有的首席執(zhí)行官都充分證明,使命感能夠釋放創(chuàng)造力和促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新,。
蓋洛普(Gallup)最近的調(diào)查顯示,,北美和歐洲70%的勞動(dòng)者“參與積極性不高”,這意味著他們上班的時(shí)候或許能做到律己,、嚴(yán)格和服從,,但卻不會(huì)帶來創(chuàng)造力、協(xié)作和主動(dòng)性。
強(qiáng)生(Johnson & Johnson)的首席執(zhí)行官亞歷克斯?格爾斯基說:“作為公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,,我們始終需要想方設(shè)法,,把我們所做的事情與更偉大的使命從根本上聯(lián)系起來。我認(rèn)為,,使命可以釋放員工的活力,、雄心和欲望,而且坦白說,,還會(huì)提高員工的自豪感和成就感……使命的影響以及它給我們的組織帶來的力量,,是不容低估的?!?/p>
霍尼韋爾(Honeywell)的首席執(zhí)行官杜瑞澤表示,,當(dāng)公司決定生產(chǎn)口罩用于防疫時(shí),他“從未見過員工表現(xiàn)地如此興奮和自豪,。我認(rèn)為它在公司帶來了變革性的影響,。”
公司的使命必須是真實(shí)的,,并融入到公司的基因當(dāng)中
在社交媒體帶來信息透明的時(shí)代,,如果公司言行不一,很快就會(huì)被員工和其他人拆穿,。我們見到了許多公司因?yàn)楸粏T工在社交媒體上“舉報(bào)”,,導(dǎo)致信譽(yù)嚴(yán)重受損。
耐克(Nike)的首席執(zhí)行官約翰?多納霍說:“重要的是要闡述公司希望在內(nèi)部宣傳的價(jià)值觀,,[并且解釋]為什么這是公司業(yè)務(wù)的核心,。耐克始終致力于爭(zhēng)取種族和社會(huì)正義。這是公司的核心使命和宗旨,。喬治?弗洛伊德事件發(fā)生后,,我們發(fā)布了“請(qǐng)不要這樣做”(Don't Do It)宣傳視頻,并投入1.4億美元用于維護(hù)種族和社會(huì)正義,?!?/p>
漢瑞祥(Henry Schein)的首席執(zhí)行官斯坦?伯格曼表示:“社交媒體正在檢驗(yàn)我們是否真實(shí)可信……我認(rèn)為這很好?!?/p>
“證據(jù)”有助于公司樹立信譽(yù)
在懷疑主義時(shí)代,,公司只是陳述自己的使命是不夠的。你必須經(jīng)常并且持續(xù)證明你在踐行公司的使命,。
杜克能源(Duke Energy)的首席執(zhí)行官林恩?古德認(rèn)為:“[你需要]用真實(shí)的證據(jù)來證明公司的使命,。如果我說員工的安全很重要,我必須用明確的安全協(xié)議作為證明,。如果我說氣候很重要,,我會(huì)通過投資項(xiàng)目支持自己的氣候計(jì)劃,證明我們正在進(jìn)步?!?/p>
另外一種證明的辦法是把高管的薪酬與公司使命的落實(shí)情況掛鉤,。達(dá)能(Danone)的首席執(zhí)行官范易謀就執(zhí)行了這種策略。達(dá)能將高管薪酬與公司在健康,、地球環(huán)境,、員工和包容性增長(zhǎng)方面的貢獻(xiàn)以及公司給股東帶來的財(cái)務(wù)回報(bào)等指標(biāo)掛鉤。
決定停止之前的行為,,也是建立必要信譽(yù)的有力舉措,,比如CVS決定停止銷售煙草,或迪克體育用品公司(Dick's Sporting Goods)決定限制銷售槍支,,或者IBM決定停止銷售面部識(shí)別軟件等,。
對(duì)使命的堅(jiān)定承諾能夠幫助你在艱難時(shí)期做出決策
許多首席執(zhí)行官提到,尤其是在動(dòng)蕩時(shí)期,,使命非常寶貴,。
英特爾(Intel)的首席執(zhí)行官羅伯特?斯萬說:“當(dāng)遇到大麻煩的時(shí)候,比如新冠疫情或社會(huì)不公,,我們會(huì)遵循公司的使命決定如何應(yīng)對(duì),。”Ulta Beauty公司的瑪麗?迪倫表示:“你不能認(rèn)為使命感是理所當(dāng)然的,,更不能理所當(dāng)然地信任銀行,,這樣當(dāng)你真正需要員工的時(shí)候,他們會(huì)愿意站出來,,做更多努力,。”
千禧一代和Z世代正在推動(dòng)變革
使命能提高所有人的績(jī)效,,但年輕人能從使命感中獲得最大的鼓舞,。
奧美(Ogilvy)的首席執(zhí)行官蘇騰峰說:“在我的職業(yè)生涯當(dāng)中,我從未見過任何一代人,,能夠產(chǎn)生與千禧一代和Z世代一樣的影響力,,推動(dòng)這種轉(zhuǎn)變?!?/p>
恒達(dá)理財(cái)(Edward Jones)的主理合伙人佩尼?彭寧頓表示:“千禧一代被他們的‘使命’驅(qū)動(dòng),,現(xiàn)在他們也要求公司要有使命感?!?/p>
年青一代不僅在職場(chǎng)中表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn),,他們也在以消費(fèi)者的身份表達(dá)使命的重要性?,F(xiàn)在有約70%的消費(fèi)者聲稱,,會(huì)根據(jù)生產(chǎn)商或銷售商的社會(huì)立場(chǎng),購(gòu)買或抵制公司的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù),由此可見年青一代日益壯大的影響力,。而且年輕人不止支持社會(huì)事業(yè),,他們還在積極參與解決我們面臨的根本問題。
因此,,參與會(huì)議的首席執(zhí)行官們都同意,,真心堅(jiān)持對(duì)使命的承諾,能夠推動(dòng)公司的業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展,。達(dá)能的首席執(zhí)行官范易謀表示,,無論公司是否愿意,改變終將到來,。他說,,全社會(huì)都在要求公司做得更多?!案淖円呀?jīng)發(fā)生,,而且會(huì)持續(xù)下去。我們要么順勢(shì)而為,,要么選擇抗拒,。顯然,我們現(xiàn)在必須做出決定,?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
本文作者穆瑞瀾(Alan Murray)現(xiàn)任財(cái)富傳媒公司首席執(zhí)行官。布魯斯?辛普森是麥肯錫公司高級(jí)合伙人,,也是ESG/使命項(xiàng)目的負(fù)責(zé)人,。
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
Business is changing. A powerful mix of forces—employee activism, enhanced media transparency, government gridlock, and proliferating global problems such as the COVID-19 pandemic, rising inequality, and climate change—have led an ever-growing group of corporate leaders to recognize that a focus on profit is not enough. Purpose beyond profit has become a necessary ingredient for exceptional business success.
But how do you inject purpose into a business? And how do you distinguish true purpose from “purpose-washing”—a public relations veneer rather than a fundamental change in culture and operations?
To try and answer these questions, and to begin to create a playbook for others interested in following a similar purpose path, Fortune and McKinsey & Co. convened 45 of the world’s leading CEOs for four virtual working sessions over the past six months. Our goal was to extract lessons that would help others embrace a model of business that leads to better results both for their companies and for society.
Seven clear themes emerged from the conversations, which we have summarized below:
In the long run, there is no tradeoff between profit and purpose
To a person, the CEOs we convened were passionate about having a positive societal impact and serving all stakeholders, while recognizing that in the long run this would also be good for shareholders. As IBM CEO Arvind Krishna put it: “Purpose and profit go together, reinforcing each other.” PayPal CEO Dan Schulman took it one step further: “I’d actually argue if you don’t have a purpose as a company, you will be less successful from a results perspective.” Over the past year, PayPal has lowered the cost of benefits, increased salaries, given stock, and increased financial education to reduce economic fragility among its frontline workers. This contributed to drops in attrition and absenteeism.
In the short term, of course, tradeoffs clearly occur. McKinsey research shows 61% of executives and directors said they would cut discretionary spending on positive-net-present-value projects, including investments in employees and other stakeholders, to avoid an earnings “miss.” But purposeful leaders, who deliver against a broader set of stakeholder interests, will tend to keep their eye on the longer term and create more value through time. In the long term, shareholder interests and stakeholder interests tend to converge.
“If you stay true to your purpose and it is very clear to every person that is working in this company, then there is a very clear direction, there is a compass, there is a star that is telling you this is where we all go,” said PfizerCEO Albert Bourla. “That unites the organization, creates cohesiveness, and brings results.” Levi Strauss CEO Chip Bergh put it this way: “By doing right and doing the right thing, you are going to reward your shareholders over the long term.”
Purpose begins with your employees
In an economy where human capital drives business value, an employee-first approach has become essential. Research from Aon PLC and the Ponemon Institute shows that four decades ago, hard assets accounted for 80% of a company’s value, while today it’s intangibles—“soft assets” that include reputation, brand equity, patents, and R&D—that account for 85%. The focus on employees as the source of value was further reinforced by the pandemic.
“Purpose starts with supporting your own teams and front lines. They in turn support our customers, which takes care of business,” said Best Buy CEO Corie Barry, commenting on her company’s transformation, underpinned by increased employee discounts, training, and broad engagement of frontline staff. Recent McKinsey research found that frontline employees who “feel purpose” at work are up to four times as engaged as those at organizations where purpose is not activated and aligned to that of individual employees, and twice as likely to stay in the job.
XPO Logistics CEO Brad Jacobs told us how the pandemic “actually brought a purpose to our drivers, warehouse workers, people on a cross dock…They suddenly had a big purpose in getting people’s toilet paper delivered, getting people’s Purell delivered, getting medicines delivered. That was the prime thing that led to our employee satisfaction figures going up 5%.”
Purpose drives innovation
All the CEOs gave strong testament to the power of purpose in unleashing creativity and innovation. A recent Gallup survey shows that 70% of the workforce in North America and Europe is “not actively engaged,” which means that while they may be bringing discipline, rigor, and obedience to work, they’re leaving creativity, collaboration, and initiative at home.
“As leaders we always need to find a way to fundamentally attach what we are doing to that greater purpose,” said Johnson & Johnson CEO Alex Gorsky. “I think it frees up a sense of energy, of ambition, of desire, and, frankly, a pride and accomplishment in our employees…The impact that can have, and the power that has more broadly on our organization, can’t be understated.”
Honeywell CEO Darius Adamczyk said he had “never seen such a level of excitement, of pride on the part of employees” as when his company turned to making masks for the pandemic. “I think it’s been transformative.”
A company’s purpose must be authentic and embedded in corporate DNA
In an age of social media transparency, employees and others will be quick to call a company out if its words don’t match its actions. We now have numerous examples of companies whose credibility has been undermined by their own employees who became “whistleblowers” on social media.
“It’s important to talk about the values you want to speak out on internally [and explain] why it is core to your business,” said John Donahoe, CEO of Nike. “Nike has a strong history of fighting for racial and social justice. [That’s] core to our mission and purpose as a company. When the George Floyd events occurred, we ran the ‘Don’t Do It’ campaign and made a $140 million commitment on racial and social justice.”
Stan Bergman, CEO of Henry Schein, put it this way: “Social media is testing us to make sure we are authentic…I think that’s great.”
‘Proof points’ along the way will help create credibility
In an age of skepticism, it’s not enough to merely state your purpose. You need to demonstrate it on a consistent and regular basis. “[You need to] take the purpose and demonstrate it with real proof points,” said Lynn Good, CEO of Duke Energy. “When I say employee safety is important, I need to demonstrate it with unequivocal safety protocols. When I say climate is important, I back up my climate plan with investments to show we are making progress.”
Other proof points can include tying executive compensation to delivering on purpose. This is the case for Danone CEO Emmanuel Faber, whose company links compensation to metrics on its contributions to health, the planet, its people, and inclusive growth—as well as financial returns to shareholders.
Decisions to stop doing something you were previously doing—like the CVSdecision to stop selling cigarettes, or the Dick’s Sporting Goods decision to limit gun sales, or IBM’s decision to stop selling facial recognition software—also can be powerful in building necessary credibility.
A strong commitment to purpose helps you make decisions when times turn tough
Many of the CEOs talked about purpose being especially valuable when times are rocky. “When the shit hits the fan—whether it is COVID or social injustice—we look to our purpose to figure out what to do,” said Intel CEO Bob Swan. Ulta Beauty’s Mary Dillon said that “you can’t take for granted the notion of purpose, of putting that trust in the bank, so that at a time when you really need your employees, they feel good about stepping up and doing more.”
Millennials and Generation Z are driving change
While purpose helps drive performance across all generations, it is younger workers who seem most motivated by it. “In my career, I’ve never seen a generation who are more influential now in driving this change,” said John Seifert, CEO of Ogilvy. “Millennials are motivated by their ‘why,’ and they’re demanding that we build purpose within our organizations today,” said Penny Pennington, managing partner of Edward Jones.
The younger generation is expressing itself not only in the workplace but also as consumers. In one sign of that generation’s growing influence, some 70% of consumers overall now claim they buy or boycott products or services based on the social stances of the companies that make or sell them. And it’s not just about being supportive of social causes but also proactively working to solve underlying problems.
For all of these reasons, the CEOs who participated in these sessions agree that a genuine commitment to purpose can drive business results. And Danone’s Faber said the change is coming whether business wants it or not. Society is demanding more from business, he said. “It is there, and it is there to stay. Either we are working with the movement, or we choose to resist it. It is a clear moment of choice.”
Alan Murray is CEO of Fortune Media. Bruce Simpson is senior partner at McKinsey & Co. and leader of its ESG/Purpose Practice.