IBM表示,,明年將為程序員提供更多服務(wù),,使程序員更容易設(shè)計(jì)包含量子計(jì)算和傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算元素的軟件。
IBM公布了一項(xiàng)雄心勃勃的量子計(jì)算快速推廣計(jì)劃,,將在未來五年內(nèi)推出更簡單的編程工具,。
IBM本周四公布了其最新的軟件開發(fā)計(jì)劃,,作為公司9月公布的量子計(jì)算軟件“路線圖”的補(bǔ)充。
IBM正在積極開發(fā)量子計(jì)算機(jī),,目前已經(jīng)有許多公司進(jìn)入了這個(gè)領(lǐng)域,。量子計(jì)算機(jī)利用量子物理學(xué)的奇怪特性進(jìn)行計(jì)算。至少在理論上,,量子計(jì)算機(jī)能夠處理目前最大的傳統(tǒng)超級計(jì)算機(jī)在合理時(shí)間內(nèi)難以處理的計(jì)算量,,還能大幅縮短處理其他硬計(jì)算任務(wù)的時(shí)間。
到目前為止,,大部分量子計(jì)算機(jī)即將進(jìn)入商業(yè)應(yīng)用,。包括IBM、谷歌(Google),、霍尼韋爾(Honeywell),、D-Wave Systems和位于加州的初創(chuàng)公司Rigetti Computing在內(nèi),有許多公司都支持通過云計(jì)算網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問量子計(jì)算機(jī),。已經(jīng)有多家大公司嘗試?yán)昧孔佑?jì)算機(jī)提高流程運(yùn)行速度,,例如評估金融資產(chǎn)組合的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)或優(yōu)化交付路徑等。
還有許多公司正在開發(fā)基于量子計(jì)算的算法,,有些算法可以在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行用于提高計(jì)算機(jī)性能。
但為量子計(jì)算機(jī)編程并不容易,。在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)中,,所有信息都以二進(jìn)制的形式呈現(xiàn),每一比特的信息只能是0或1,。在量子計(jì)算中,,使用量子比特處理信息,量子比特可以同時(shí)代表0和1,。在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)中,,每一比特?cái)?shù)據(jù)應(yīng)該是相互獨(dú)立的。但在量子計(jì)算機(jī)中,,量子比特?cái)?shù)據(jù)是相互依賴的,。在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)中,每次運(yùn)行計(jì)算都會(huì)得到相同的答案,。但在量子計(jì)算機(jī)中卻并非如此,。相反,同樣的計(jì)算必須運(yùn)行數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千次,,然后分析潛在答案的概率分布,,概率最高的答案往往就是最佳解決方案。
此外,,目前不同的量子計(jì)算機(jī)用不同方式形成量子比特,,有些計(jì)算機(jī)使用超導(dǎo)體,,有些使用激光發(fā)射的光子,有些使用囚禁離子,,甚至同一家公司的不同量子芯片因?yàn)槊恳粋€(gè)處理器中包含的量子比特?cái)?shù)量不同,,也會(huì)有不同屬性。
IBM希望最終幫助程序員不必再擔(dān)心這些復(fù)雜性,。作為新軟件開發(fā)路線的第一步,,IBM在周四發(fā)布了開發(fā)者工具包Qiskit。該工具包更方便程序員通過IBM的云計(jì)算網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問其量子計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行電路配置,。另外,,程序員運(yùn)行和存儲(chǔ)這些程序變得更容易。
IBM表示,,新系統(tǒng)需要使用傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)服務(wù)器用于處理部分計(jì)算,。該服務(wù)器與一臺(tái)量子計(jì)算機(jī)位于同一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)中心。IBM希望,,通過在云端執(zhí)行整個(gè)程序,,在傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備上運(yùn)行某些工作任務(wù),能夠?qū)⒉糠钟?jì)算任務(wù)的時(shí)間從幾個(gè)月縮短到幾個(gè)小時(shí),。
IBM表示,,明年將為程序員提供更多服務(wù),使程序員更容易設(shè)計(jì)包含量子計(jì)算和傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算元素的軟件,。
IBM將從2023年開始向客戶提供預(yù)構(gòu)建的量子電路庫,,以及其承諾推出的大量量子計(jì)算機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)。IBM曾表示其量子計(jì)算機(jī)將在2023年之前達(dá)到1,000量子比特,,目前最大的商用機(jī)型只有65量子比特,。
IBM還表示,將在2023年開始提供預(yù)構(gòu)建的量子算法,,程序員可以通過一個(gè)簡單的基于云的應(yīng)用程序界面或API使用該算法,。這個(gè)算法是一個(gè)代碼片段,程序員可以在其他軟件的函數(shù)中調(diào)用,。IBM在一篇宣布新軟件開發(fā)路線的博客中表示,,通過該算法,開發(fā)人員可以使用已知的編程語言為量子計(jì)算機(jī)編寫軟件,,不需要學(xué)習(xí)新編程語言,。
IBM稱,希望來自不同公司的軟件程序員能夠“自行探索量子計(jì)算模型,,不需要考慮量子物理學(xué)知識(shí),。” IBM希望到2025年能夠提供“無摩擦的”量子計(jì)算,,使程序員不必再考慮他們使用的量子計(jì)算機(jī)類型,,或者一個(gè)程序的哪一部分將在量子計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行,,哪一部分會(huì)在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
IBM表示,,明年將為程序員提供更多服務(wù),,使程序員更容易設(shè)計(jì)包含量子計(jì)算和傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算元素的軟件。
IBM公布了一項(xiàng)雄心勃勃的量子計(jì)算快速推廣計(jì)劃,,將在未來五年內(nèi)推出更簡單的編程工具,。
IBM本周四公布了其最新的軟件開發(fā)計(jì)劃,作為公司9月公布的量子計(jì)算軟件“路線圖”的補(bǔ)充,。
IBM正在積極開發(fā)量子計(jì)算機(jī),,目前已經(jīng)有許多公司進(jìn)入了這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。量子計(jì)算機(jī)利用量子物理學(xué)的奇怪特性進(jìn)行計(jì)算,。至少在理論上,,量子計(jì)算機(jī)能夠處理目前最大的傳統(tǒng)超級計(jì)算機(jī)在合理時(shí)間內(nèi)難以處理的計(jì)算量,還能大幅縮短處理其他硬計(jì)算任務(wù)的時(shí)間,。
到目前為止,,大部分量子計(jì)算機(jī)即將進(jìn)入商業(yè)應(yīng)用。包括IBM,、谷歌(Google),、霍尼韋爾(Honeywell)、D-Wave Systems和位于加州的初創(chuàng)公司Rigetti Computing在內(nèi),,有許多公司都支持通過云計(jì)算網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問量子計(jì)算機(jī),。已經(jīng)有多家大公司嘗試?yán)昧孔佑?jì)算機(jī)提高流程運(yùn)行速度,例如評估金融資產(chǎn)組合的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)或優(yōu)化交付路徑等,。
還有許多公司正在開發(fā)基于量子計(jì)算的算法,有些算法可以在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行用于提高計(jì)算機(jī)性能,。
但為量子計(jì)算機(jī)編程并不容易,。在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)中,所有信息都以二進(jìn)制的形式呈現(xiàn),,每一比特的信息只能是0或1,。在量子計(jì)算中,使用量子比特處理信息,,量子比特可以同時(shí)代表0和1,。在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)中,每一比特?cái)?shù)據(jù)應(yīng)該是相互獨(dú)立的,。但在量子計(jì)算機(jī)中,,量子比特?cái)?shù)據(jù)是相互依賴的。在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)中,,每次運(yùn)行計(jì)算都會(huì)得到相同的答案,。但在量子計(jì)算機(jī)中卻并非如此,。相反,同樣的計(jì)算必須運(yùn)行數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千次,,然后分析潛在答案的概率分布,,概率最高的答案往往就是最佳解決方案。
此外,,目前不同的量子計(jì)算機(jī)用不同方式形成量子比特,,有些計(jì)算機(jī)使用超導(dǎo)體,有些使用激光發(fā)射的光子,,有些使用囚禁離子,,甚至同一家公司的不同量子芯片因?yàn)槊恳粋€(gè)處理器中包含的量子比特?cái)?shù)量不同,也會(huì)有不同屬性,。
IBM希望最終幫助程序員不必再擔(dān)心這些復(fù)雜性,。作為新軟件開發(fā)路線的第一步,IBM在周四發(fā)布了開發(fā)者工具包Qiskit,。該工具包更方便程序員通過IBM的云計(jì)算網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問其量子計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行電路配置,。另外,程序員運(yùn)行和存儲(chǔ)這些程序變得更容易,。
IBM表示,,新系統(tǒng)需要使用傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)服務(wù)器用于處理部分計(jì)算。該服務(wù)器與一臺(tái)量子計(jì)算機(jī)位于同一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)中心,。IBM希望,,通過在云端執(zhí)行整個(gè)程序,在傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備上運(yùn)行某些工作任務(wù),,能夠?qū)⒉糠钟?jì)算任務(wù)的時(shí)間從幾個(gè)月縮短到幾個(gè)小時(shí),。
IBM表示,明年將為程序員提供更多服務(wù),,使程序員更容易設(shè)計(jì)包含量子計(jì)算和傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算元素的軟件,。
IBM將從2023年開始向客戶提供預(yù)構(gòu)建的量子電路庫,以及其承諾推出的大量量子計(jì)算機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng),。IBM曾表示其量子計(jì)算機(jī)將在2023年之前達(dá)到1,000量子比特,,目前最大的商用機(jī)型只有65量子比特。
IBM還表示,,將在2023年開始提供預(yù)構(gòu)建的量子算法,,程序員可以通過一個(gè)簡單的基于云的應(yīng)用程序界面或API使用該算法。這個(gè)算法是一個(gè)代碼片段,,程序員可以在其他軟件的函數(shù)中調(diào)用,。IBM在一篇宣布新軟件開發(fā)路線的博客中表示,通過該算法,,開發(fā)人員可以使用已知的編程語言為量子計(jì)算機(jī)編寫軟件,,不需要學(xué)習(xí)新編程語言,。
IBM稱,希望來自不同公司的軟件程序員能夠“自行探索量子計(jì)算模型,,不需要考慮量子物理學(xué)知識(shí),。” IBM希望到2025年能夠提供“無摩擦的”量子計(jì)算,,使程序員不必再考慮他們使用的量子計(jì)算機(jī)類型,,或者一個(gè)程序的哪一部分將在量子計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行,哪一部分會(huì)在傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行,。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
IBM has unveiled an ambitious plan to speed widespread adoption of quantum computing by introducing simpler programming tools within the next five years.
The new software development plan, announced Thursday, is a complement to a quantum computing hardware “road map” the company announced in September.
IBM is among a number of companies racing to develop quantum computers, machines that harness the bizarre properties of quantum physics to perform calculations. This enables them to, at least in theory, perform calculations that even today’s largest conventional supercomputers can’t solve in a reasonable time period, as well as to significantly lessen the amount of time it takes to perform other hard computing tasks.
So far, most of today’s quantum computers are just on the cusp of being able to do things that are commercially useful. A number of companies, including IBM, Google, Honeywell, D-Wave Systems, and California-based startup Rigetti Computing offer access to quantum computers through cloud-computing networks. And, already, several large companies have been experimenting with using these machines to speed up processes, such as assessing the risk of financial portfolios or optimizing delivery routes.
A slew of other companies are developing algorithms based on the ideas of quantum computing, some of which can be used to improve performance even when run on traditional computers.
But programming quantum computers is not straightforward. In a traditional computer, all information is represented in a binary format, called a bit, as either a 0 or 1. In a quantum computer, information is processed using qubits, which can represent both a 0 and 1 at the same time. In a traditional computer, the status of each bit is supposed to be independent from every other bit. But in a quantum computer, the status of qubits is interdependent. In a traditional computer, you get the same answer every time you run a calculation. In a quantum computer, that isn’t the case, and instead the same calculation must be run hundreds or even thousands of times, and the probability distribution of possible answers analyzed, with the most probable answer usually being the best solution.
What’s more, right now, different quantum computers form these qubits in different ways—some use superconductors, some use photons fired from a laser, some use trapped ions—and even different quantum chips from the same company may have different properties depending on how many qubits each processing unit contains.
IBM hopes to eventually free programmers from having to worry about all this complexity. As a first step in its new software road map, the company Thursday released a toolkit for developers, which it calls Qiskit. It’s designed to make it easier for programmers to configure circuits on an IBM quantum computer accessed through the company’s cloud-computing network. It also makes it easier to run and store those programs.
IBM said this new system involves using traditional computer servers located alongside a quantum computer in the same data center to handle some of the calculation. The company said it hoped that executing the entire program in the cloud, with some workload handled on classical machines, could reduce the time it takes to run some computations from months to just hours.
Next year, IBM says it will offer ways that make it easier for programmers to create software that incorporates both quantum computing and traditional computing elements in the same program.
Then, starting in 2023, IBM says it will offer libraries of pre-built quantum circuits for its customers, as well as systems for controlling the very large quantum computers it has promised to make available. The company has said it will have a machine with 1,000 qubits by 2023, versus the 65-qubit computers that are its largest commercially available models today.
IBM says that in 2023 it will also begin offering pre-built quantum algorithms that programmers will be able to use via a simple cloud-based application programming interface, or API, a tiny snippet of code that allows a coder to call on the functions of another piece of software. This will enable developers to write software for a quantum computer in programming languages that they already know, without having to learn a new coding language, IBM said in a blog post announcing the new software road map.
The company said it wants software programmers working in corporations to be able “to explore quantum computing models on their own without having to think about the quantum physics.” By 2025, IBM said, it hoped to offer what it called “frictionless” quantum computing, where programmers no longer had to consider what kind of quantum computer they were using, or even what portion of a program was being executed on a quantum computer and what part was being run on a classical computer.