????今年早些時(shí)候,，在調(diào)查中國(guó)富豪方面最有發(fā)言權(quán)的胡潤(rùn)百富公司（Hurun Report）宣布,，它所調(diào)查的中國(guó)富豪中有超過(guò)60%的人已經(jīng)移民到其他國(guó)家，或者正在考慮移民,。

????胡潤(rùn)百富公司每年都會(huì)公布中國(guó)富豪排行榜,，它所面臨的問題就是要探尋上述現(xiàn)象背后的答案。究竟是環(huán)境污染,、對(duì)于中國(guó)政治高壓的厭倦還是完全由于其它方面的因素驅(qū)使富人們要離開中國(guó)呢,？

????其實(shí)，這些問題也在困擾著胡潤(rùn)百富公司的創(chuàng)始人胡潤(rùn),。他猜測(cè)可能性最大的原因是,，環(huán)境污染和希望把部分資產(chǎn)配置在海外的想法正在驅(qū)使中國(guó)有錢人移民到美國(guó)、加拿大和澳大利亞這三個(gè)中國(guó)移民首選的目的國(guó),。

????但為了找到確切答案,，胡潤(rùn)展開了一項(xiàng)跟蹤調(diào)查，此項(xiàng)調(diào)查的結(jié)果將于今天公布,，《財(cái)富》亦獲得了這份調(diào)查結(jié)果的獨(dú)家預(yù)覽版,。胡潤(rùn)百富公司聯(lián)合匯加顧問集團(tuán)（Visas Consulting Group）向141位中國(guó)富豪征詢了一系列關(guān)于移民和財(cái)富轉(zhuǎn)移目的地的問題。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),，主要有三大因素驅(qū)使富豪們移民國(guó)外,，且每個(gè)因素在答復(fù)響應(yīng)中都占據(jù)了20%的比重。

????富人們離開中國(guó)是因?yàn)樗麄兿Ｍ优軌蚪邮芨媒逃?；困擾著很多中國(guó)城市且日益嚴(yán)重的污染問題讓他們苦惱不已,；他們也對(duì)中國(guó)的食品安全問題感到憂心忡忡，新近爆發(fā)的食品安全恐慌甚至涉及遭到污染的寵物狗零食,。

????胡潤(rùn)說(shuō)：“在針對(duì)個(gè)體的調(diào)查過(guò)程中,，這些問題都是他們所反復(fù)提及的?！?/p>

????也許最令人驚訝的是,，在那些正在移民或正考慮移民的富豪中，有三分之二的人也正在考慮放棄自己的中國(guó)國(guó)籍。

????正如我在三月份的一篇文章中所寫到的,，就像北京正在擺脫冬季霧霾的籠罩一樣,，那些有能力避開中國(guó)環(huán)境污染和食品安全恐慌的人們也在做著相同的事情。中國(guó)政府對(duì)這個(gè)問題感到頗為棘手,，因?yàn)橛袑＜彝茢?，中?guó)的空氣質(zhì)量出現(xiàn)顯著改善至少需要十年時(shí)間，而解決食品安全或教育體制問題更不知要等到何年何月,。

????胡潤(rùn)的這份調(diào)查報(bào)告還得出了其它一些有意思的結(jié)論,。中國(guó)富豪海外投資占總資產(chǎn)的平均比重為16%。房地產(chǎn)是最受歡迎的投資選擇,，作為移民首選國(guó)家的美國(guó)在受青睞程度上遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了其它國(guó)家,。洛杉磯成為了最受歡迎的海外置業(yè)城市，緊隨其后的是舊金山和紐約,。溫哥華在最受歡迎的移民城市中排在第三位,。獨(dú)立別墅是中國(guó)富豪移民們最偏愛的住宅類型，其次是公寓和連棟別墅,。

????所有被調(diào)查對(duì)象的資產(chǎn)價(jià)值都超過(guò)了100萬(wàn)美元,，平均財(cái)富價(jià)值達(dá)到了700萬(wàn)美元。

????中國(guó)富豪們的首選移民目的地如下圖所示（從上至下依次為美國(guó),、加拿大,、澳大利亞、歐洲,、新西蘭,、新加坡、香港和日本）：

????Earlier this year, the best company at surveying the rich in China announced that more than 60% of the people it surveyed had already immigrated to another country, or were considering doing so.

????The question for the Hurun Report, which publishes an annual China rich list, was why? Was pollution driving people abroad, weariness over China’s political crackdowns, or something else entirely?

????It turns out the questions also nagged Rupert Hoogewerf, founder of Hurun. At the time, his best guess was that pollution and the desire to park some assets abroad were driving rich Chinese to the United States, Canada, and Australia—the top three destinations for those leaving China.

????But to find out for sure, he conducted a follow-up survey that is being released today, and Fortune got exclusive early access. Hurun teamed with Visas Consulting Group to ask 141 wealthy Chinese questions about emigration and where they’re moving their money. The researchers discovered that three factors drove emigration from China, with each factor accounting for 20% of the responses:

????People moved because they wanted better options for their children’s education; they were distressed about the growing pollution problems plaguing China’s cities; and they were concerned about food safety in the country, which in the latest scare involved tainted dog treats.

????“Again and again, when talking to people on an individual basis, those are the issues they raise,” says Hoogewerf.

????Maybe most surprising, two-thirds of those emigrating, or considering doing so, are also considering giving up their Chinese nationality.

????As I wrote in March, just as Beijing was coming out of the throes of a smoggy winter, those who can avoid China’s pollution and food scares are doing so. It’s troublesome for the Chinese government because experts conclude that big improvements to the air remain at least a decade away, not to say anything about China’s food safety or its education system.

????The Hurun survey produced other interesting results. As a percentage of their total wealth, rich Chinese invest on average 16% abroad. The most popular investment choice is real estate and the U.S. is the overwhelming favorite destination. Los Angeles ranks as the most popular city to buy real estate, followed by San Francisco and New York. Vancouver ranked as the third most popular city. Detached villas were the preferred type of housing, followed by apartments and townhouses.

????Those surveyed all had assets worth more than $1 million and on average were worth $7 million.

????The top destinations for rich emigrating from China are as follows:

????在任何國(guó)家,，最富有的公民肯定也是流動(dòng)性最強(qiáng)的公民,，因此中國(guó)富人們的“出逃”其實(shí)沒什么好驚奇的。但不同于富有的美國(guó)人為了避稅而逃離本國(guó),，中國(guó)的有錢人是為了滿足潔凈的空氣、干凈的食物和良好的教育這些基本需求而選擇離開,。如果中國(guó)政府無(wú)法解決這些問題,，中國(guó)富豪們的逃離風(fēng)潮就不會(huì)停止。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

????譯者：徐黃兆

????The wealthiest citizens in any country are the most mobile, so the flight of wealthy Chinese isn’t in itself a surprise. But unlike rich Americans fleeing their home country to avoid taxes, the Chinese are leaving because of basic desires—clean air, clean food, good schools. If China’s government doesn’t improve these, the flight of China’s wealthiest residents won’t stop.