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在上周五舉行的Business Insider大會(huì)上,，前iPod硬件主管托尼?法德?tīng)柗Q贊蘋(píng)果（Apple）首席執(zhí)行官蒂姆?庫(kù)克是一位創(chuàng)新者,。

不過(guò)，法德?tīng)査f(shuō)的創(chuàng)新,，并不是指iPhone或iPad這樣的新型科技產(chǎn)品,。庫(kù)克專長(zhǎng)在于運(yùn)營(yíng)，在于生產(chǎn)iPhone和iPad的供應(yīng)鏈,。

法德?tīng)柵e例稱：“（庫(kù)克）對(duì)庫(kù)存進(jìn)行的調(diào)整是驚人的,。這是一種創(chuàng)新?！?/p>

似乎是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)這一點(diǎn),，上周三，彭博社（Bloomberg）的亞當(dāng)?薩特里亞諾發(fā)表長(zhǎng)文,，大談蘋(píng)果公司在2014財(cái)年撥出105億美元資本性支出,，用于購(gòu)置鋁銑床、激光拋光機(jī)以及工業(yè)機(jī)器人等,，其金額之高,，創(chuàng)下歷史紀(jì)錄。

調(diào)研機(jī)構(gòu)Asymco的賀拉斯?德迪歐稱：“蘋(píng)果公司將資金作為一種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)來(lái)部署,?！钡碌蠚W繪制了本文所附的圖表,，將蘋(píng)果與三星（Samsung）兩家公司各自一年的支出與美國(guó)海軍12年建造一艘航空母艦的花費(fèi)相比較。

德迪歐的一位筆名為“龍女王”的評(píng)論人士清楚的解釋了蒂姆?庫(kù)克的意圖：

三星公司的供應(yīng)鏈很大一部分是自有的,，如果我沒(méi)記錯(cuò)的話,，三星有自己的工廠，自己制造屏幕,，還有其它一些部件很可能也是自行生產(chǎn),。

蘋(píng)果公司的供應(yīng)鏈并非自有——蘋(píng)果無(wú)意涉足半導(dǎo)體或顯示屏制造業(yè)務(wù)，也不愿擁有攝像頭或電池生產(chǎn)廠,。

但蘋(píng)果想同三星一樣,，掌握控制權(quán)，并實(shí)現(xiàn)縱向一體化,。因此,，蘋(píng)果簽署了大量的合作伙伴協(xié)議，并購(gòu)置了許多機(jī)床,。蘋(píng)果對(duì)供應(yīng)商說(shuō)：“我們給你這些錢去建一座新廠房,，在廠房里用我們買的機(jī)床（進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)）。你們?cè)谶@家工廠里生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品,，都要賣給我們,，不許賣給別人?！本瓦@樣,，這家供應(yīng)商，或者其旗下的一家分公司,，成為了蘋(píng)果公司的契約仆役,。蘋(píng)果能享受縱向一體化企業(yè)集團(tuán)的所有好處，而無(wú)需負(fù)擔(dān)任何相應(yīng)的責(zé)任,。

蘋(píng)果這種做法在整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈中一以貫之,，從屏幕（夏普公司的IGZO技術(shù)）到鋁合金外殼的生產(chǎn)都是如此。唯有芯片（目前還）是個(gè)例外,。不過(guò),，蘋(píng)果花錢讓供應(yīng)商為其建造和運(yùn)營(yíng)芯片工廠，只是早晚的事,。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：項(xiàng)航

At a Business Insider conference Friday, ex-iPod hardware chief Tony Fadell praised Apple (AAPL) CEO Tim Cook as an innovator.

But he wasn't talking about whizzy new products like the iPhone or iPad. Cook's expertise is in operations -- in the supply chain that produces those iPhones and iPads.

"The number of turns he did on the inventory was amazing," said Fadell, by way of example. "That's a kind of innovation."

As if to underscore that point, Bloomberg's Adam Satariano posted a long piece Wednesday about the record $10.5 billion in capital expenditures that Apple has earmarked in fiscal 2014 for things like aluminum milling machines, laser polishers and industrial robots.

"Apple deploys capital as a competitive advantage," says Asymco's Horace Dediu, who produced the attached chart comparing what Apple and Samsung each spend in a year with what the U.S. Navy spends in a dozen year to build a single aircraft carrier.

One of Dediu's commentators, writing under pseudonym Glaurung-Quena (literally, "dragon queen"), explained with admirable clarity what Tim Cook is up to:

Samsung owns big chunks of their supply chain -- if I recall correctly, they have their own fabs, they make their own screens, and probably a bunch of other parts too.

Apple doesn't own their supply chain outright -- they don't want to be in the semiconductor or screen making business, they don't want to have a camera or battery factory on their balance sheet.

But they want the control and vertical integration that Samsung enjoys. So they are signing oodles of partnership agreements and buying gobs of machine tools. Apple goes to a supplier and says, "Here is money to build a new factory building. Here, fill it with these machine tools that we own. Now what you make in this factory you will sell to us and only to us." And that company, or a branch of it, becomes Apple's indentured servant. Apple gets all the benefits and none of the liabilities of being a vertically integrated conglomerate.

And they're doing this across their entire supply chain -- from screens (sharp's IGZO tech) to those aluminum enclosures, about the only part that they aren't doing this with (yet) are the chips, and it's only a matter of time before they pay someone to build and operate fabs for them.