據(jù)多家媒體報(bào)道,，美國總統(tǒng)唐納德·特朗普料將下令美國退出歷史性的巴黎氣候變化協(xié)定,。專家預(yù)計(jì)，此舉可能導(dǎo)致全球性環(huán)保問題,。

世界衛(wèi)生組織（WHO）指出,，全球氣候變化引發(fā)多種醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生需求。氣候模式變化導(dǎo)致的反常洪災(zāi)可能造成人員傷亡,，傳播致病菌,，摧毀當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì),。此外,，由于人身和經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的安全受到影響，人們的精神健康也會受創(chuàng),。即便在美國等發(fā)達(dá)國家,，（與燃燒化石燃料有關(guān)的）空氣污染等環(huán)境因素也成為醫(yī)療效果下降的原因之一。貧富差距和醫(yī)療覆蓋不足導(dǎo)致形勢進(jìn)一步惡化,。

2015年年末,，190多個國家決定正視公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生的嚴(yán)峻現(xiàn)狀，達(dá)成了有關(guān)氣候變化的巴黎協(xié)定,。（巴黎協(xié)定的詳細(xì)介紹可參見我同事勞拉?恩蒂斯的梳理文章,。）雖然能源業(yè)將最受巴黎協(xié)定打擊,，但WHO和其他公共衛(wèi)生組織都對協(xié)定表示大力贊許，認(rèn)為協(xié)定有望為發(fā)達(dá)國家和新興國家控制死亡率與發(fā)病率發(fā)揮作用,。

去年WHO表示：“隨著各國紛紛采取行動,，全球氣候變化協(xié)定將對公共衛(wèi)生政策產(chǎn)生重大影響。正如協(xié)定中提到的,，保障人類‘健康權(quán)’是采取行動的核心目標(biāo),。”

但“簽署國采取行動”才是實(shí)現(xiàn)WHO最終目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵,。巴黎協(xié)定的支持者預(yù)計(jì),，美國退出氣候變化協(xié)定可能帶來負(fù)面效應(yīng)，其他協(xié)定簽約國會減少動力,，不會根據(jù)協(xié)定要求積極推行必要政策,。

美國將成為全球第三個退出巴黎協(xié)定的國家，在此之前退出的是敘利亞和尼加拉瓜,。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Pessy

審稿：夏林

President Donald Trump is expected to withdraw the United States from the historic Paris climate agreement, according to multiple media reports. If he does, the move could have significant implications for global health, according to experts.

That's because, as the World Health Organization (WHO) notes, the effects of climate change cut across multiple kinds of health care needs. A freak flood precipitated by changing climate patterns could simultaneously kill and injure people, spread disease-causing pathogens, and devastate local economies. The ensuing disruptions to physical and economic security can take a serious toll on mental health. Even in more developed countries like the U.S., environmental factors like poor air quality (which is associated with fossil fuel burning) have been linked with diminished medical outcomes that are exacerbated by income inequality and a lack of access to health care.

The climate change-related Paris accords reached in late 2015 by more than 190 countries put public health front and center. (For a more complete explainer on exactly what the agreement is and what it does, read my colleague Laura Entis' rundown here.) While the energy industry would be most affected by the deal, the WHO and other public health agencies lauded its potential to curb death and illness in advanced nations and emerging markets alike.

"The world now has a global climate agreement that will have a major public health policy impact as countries take action. As stated in the agreement, 'the right to health', will be central to the actions taken," wrote the global health organization last year.

But the "as countries take action" part is critical to achieving the WHO's ultimate stated goal. And a U.S. departure from the climate agreement could lead to a downstream effect where other countries feel less compelled to implement the policies necessary to meet the Paris deal's thresholds, according to its supporters.

The United States would join just two other nations—Syria and Nicaragua—in pulling out of the climate agreement.